Why I’m a REALLY angry Native in Canada right now…

By Special Correspondent Jessica Yee

Right now I’m owning the title/stereotype/image/whatever you conjure up in your mind about “angry Natives” because along with the usual colonial-type affronts to our people and communities, there are some notable racist extremities happening across Canada as of late. Initially I felt like there was just way too much going on to even write a single post about – but I thought to at least round up a few of the points of why I’m so flippin’, screaming, ANGRY that may shed light on what some of you may not be aware of yet. And we also need y’all to do something about this stuff in your communities too:

The continuous denial of racism towards Aboriginal people in the education system. A new study from the Canadian Teacher’s Federation interviewed 59 Aboriginal teachers teaching in public schools throughout the country. The teachers reported a disregard for their qualifications and capabilities, a standard lowered expectation from Aboriginal students; and general disparage of the long-lasting effects of colonization.

The “Free Native Extraction Service” placed on the http://www.usedwinnipeg.com/website (of course taken down now) advertising that it could “get rid of those pesky buggers with extraction services to relocate them to their habitat.” To top it off they actually illegally used a photo in their advertisement from the Native Lens Film “March Point” which I wrote about here some months back – which is, incidentally, a film about environmental justice and what Native youth are doing positively in our communities.

Tuberculosis is 185 times higher in the Inuit population than in the rest of Canada. I repeat 185 times the national average – according to the Public Health Agency of Canada. The recently released data from their Tuberculosis in Canada 2008 publication shows these appalling numbers contributing factors include “inadequate housing, as a result of both overcrowding and construction ill suited to the Arctic climate, and immune systems severely compromised by a general lack of healthy, affordable food’.”

Harmonized Sales Tax or HST coming to the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario. Not that the government ignoring treaties is news by any stretch of the mind – however this is a big one to throw out the door of rights. The imposition of HST means that instead of seeing 8 per cent provincial Retail Sales Tax (RST or PST) and 5 per cent Goods and Services Tax (GST), consumers will pay a combined 13 per cent HST. Yet for the first time since the introduction of the provincial sales tax, HST means status First Nations will be subject to the 8 per cent portion of the tax. This is a total and blatant violation of our treaty rights, not to mention the Canadian Constitution. This is a good article to find out more and you can go here to do something about it.

Massive cuts to the Aboriginal Healing Foundation, along with other insulting highlights from the Throne Speech, which is essentially an outline of the Canadian federal government’s budget. (Sign the online petition to reinstate funding here.) The Aboriginal Healing Foundation has provided support to residential school survivors and their families for a decade, in addition to funding major projects in communities across the country. My colleagues and friends at the Native Women’s Shelter of Montreal and Inuvialuit Regional Corp in the Northwest Territories will have to axe some of their most necessary programs like health promotion and community wellness worker certification. In total it means 134 community projects across Canada will no longer provide culturally-based healing services to Aboriginal people. Oh sure Harper said he was “sorry” for residential schools in 2008, but just last year he said that Canada has no history of colonialism, so I guess this is right in line with the$199 million promised to address the legacy of residential schools not being committed to the Aboriginal Healing Foundation. But don’t worry, in this same speech they said that Canada thinks the issue of missing and murdered Aboriginal women is a “pressing criminal justice priority.” Uh-huh.

All of the racist garbage and lateral violence people are spewing on the internet and in person about the proposed changes to Indian Status which would restore treaty rights to about 45 000 people. This decision is based mostly off of the Sharon McIvor court case, which addressed the specific gender discrimination of the Indian Act where even after the laws were changed in 1985 to restore status to Native women who lost it if they married a non-Native man, it didn’t extend past the children of those unions. However the new changes would now extend to grandchildren. I definitely don’t think the government should be able to regulate who is and is not considered “status”, but I don’t anymore appreciate the internalized racism that we are doing to each other by adding extra jumps and hoops to go through within the community for who is really recognized as having rights on reserve and who is not.

These are just some of the latest oppressive occurrences against Indigenous people in Canada. On the regular I suppose I’ll also mention since it was International Women’s Day week last week, I didn’t find it any easier to get chastised by white women at the many events I spoke at when I brought up the mostly white academic industrial complex that mainstream feminism still lies in, and really doesn’t appear to care about the origins in Indigenous societies or the realities of Indigenous women for that matter – up until now (well, sort of) since we’re all of a sudden making the media with the thousands of us being murdered and going missing.

But it’s been going on for the last 500+ years, anyways.

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[...] Why I’m a REALLY angry Native in Canada right now… – by Jessica Yee of Racialicious Racialicious correspondent Jessica Yee talks about the state of affairs for Native Canadians. If you’re not aware of the huge issues currently confronting this community, please take a look – the author eloquently and passionately tackles the problems faced by a people struggling to make it, when no one wants to listen. [...]
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[...] Yee lays out some alarming Canadian statistics and oppressive policies to explain why she’s “a REALLY angry Native in Canada right now…” in this Racialicious post from Tuesday. [...]
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Comments

Chanda wrote:

Not to mention the land theft in the name of the Vancouver Olympics!

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 11:36 am ¶
michael wrote:

the ontario government has made noises about restoring the first nations’ point-of-sale exemption to the HST. i dunno how much of that is actually true given that the bill has already passed and how much a promise costs…

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 11:43 am ¶
gail wrote:

I have a question that doesn’t relate to any of the issues/events/reports here. I went to a special exhibit called “The Nature of Diamonds” at the Field Museum in Chicago a couple months ago. The exhibit is organized by the American Museum of Natural History, the Royal Ontario Museum, and the Houston Museum of Natural Science. I was struck by the political subtext of the exhibit which was emphasizing how diamonds mined in Canada are “good diamonds.” The short film shown as part of the exhibit emphasized how the diamond veins were “discovered” out in a vast “uninhabited” wilderness by two geologists. Executives from both the Diavik and the EKATI diamond mines were interviewed. The Canadian diamonds were described as “conflict free.” Has this been the case? Have these mining companies really succeeded in working things out so that they don’t encroach upon Indigenous land, habitat, etc.? I was just curious. The exhibit seemed to leave that side of that side of things out of the picture, with the exception of the expensive looking artifacts displayed on the shelves of the diamond mine executives’ offices.

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 11:52 am ¶
Henri wrote:

Hi Audrey,
You have some very good points, I must add, with regard to your last point, (if I can paraphrase) I don’t think the communites are creating the ‘lateral violence’, they are simply asserting their right under Treaty to determine who is and who is not an Indian. You answered the point yourself, the Government of Canada has no business under International law asserting such nonsense.
Do we tell Canada who is and who is not Canadian? For Canada to fiddle with the ‘Indian Act’ rather than abolish it and honour the Treaties is??? more of the status quo. (being as polite as possible)

They tell me I am Canadian.
I am Cree first. At one time I had a bounty on my scalp. Then, (according to the Canadian Constitution) “A person in Canada is someone other than and Indian”
When my father (and 12,000 other natives) returned home after spending six years in Europe fighting Nazis and Fascists, it was illegal for him to own land, illegal for him to vote and illegal for a lawyer to represent him. When he started a family, I remember my older siblings being dragged away by the indian agent, kicking and screaming to Residential School while the RCMP held a gun to my father. (they went to residential school, they knew what was in store). . My Father spent six months in Stoney Mountain prison because he beat up the priest who raped my sister, the same priest who raped my Mother. (He went to the police first, of course they denied it, then the school declared him an undesireable and had the RCMP remove him.) Things were never the same after that, My parents started drinking and forever apologized to my sister for not being able to protect her. Now, they tell me I am canadian and to be thankful for all the benefits I receive.

What really, really bothers me is Canada’s continual white wash. These things happened… and continue to happen, only much more insidious. During the seventies and eighties every time we built a cabin on our trapline, Natural Resources would come and burn or tear it down. Heavy Industry is upstream from most of the more than six hundred Native Communities that make up less than 1% of what Canada’s land mass.
I could go on and on… From our resources Canada’s GDP is in excess of 512 Billion annually, our share (since the Treaties say we agree to share the land) what Canada makes everyone think is Canada’s Charity 10 Billion.

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 3:21 pm ¶
Katana Barnett wrote:

What great, well-written points.

This stuff infuriates me.

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 6:20 pm ¶
Kerri wrote:

Hello!

I just wanted to say that this article is fantastic, Jessica. I will be sharing it with everyone and anyone I can!!!!!! Thank-you for taking the time to communicate with us about these extremely important issues. I happily signed the petition and will continue to look for ways to support Aboriginal rights, and I hope other people will too .

Take good care .

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 7:17 pm ¶
karak wrote:

Jessica Yee’s post made me angry, but Henri, yours made me cry.

Posted 16 Mar 2010 at 10:17 pm ¶
Madelyn wrote:

Hey.
I’m a white Canadian. I wish it got more media attention, and I wish the Conservative government was never elected. I’m overseas on an exchange program, and I used to think that most Canadians felt like me. You know, racism is bad, homophobia is bad, everyone should be treated equally, etc. But the only two canadians I have met in Japan have been racist sons of bitches. I wish I knew how to make more Canadians see all the evil that is caused by their apathy and ignorance. Unlike Harper, I really am sorry. Really truly.

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 12:23 am ¶
Viola Wilkins wrote:

Re school report on indigenous kids…
Here in Australia is similar of course !

4221.0 Private school student numbers boom (Media Release), 2009
http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/MediaRealesesByCatalogue/8575A882526E8D83CA2576E70016C312?OpenDocument

MEDIA RELEASE
March 16, 2010 Embargoed 11.30am (Canberra Time) 26/2010

Private school student numbers boom

Over the last ten years, the number of students in non-government schools rose eightfold compared to the number of students in government schools, according to findings released today by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS).

The Australian Capital Territory had the highest proportion of non-government full-time students (43%) while Northern Territory had the lowest (26%).

Since 1999, the number of students in non-government schools rose by 208 500 students while the number of students in government schools rose by only 26,200 students.

Despite this, the majority of students in Australia still attend government schools with around two thirds of full-time students attending government schools in 2009.

Indigenous students

Indigenous student retention rates are increasing, but they are still lower than for non-Indigenous students. The apparent retention rate for Indigenous students from year 7 through to year 12 has increased by ten percentage points from 35% in 1999 to 45% in 2009.

By comparison, the same apparent retention rate for non-Indigenous students increased by 4 percentage points from 73% to 77% in this time period.

The Schools, Australia 2009 report includes a summary of the quality of Indigenous school student enrolment data for each state and territory education department and the non-government education sector.

This summary is included in Schools, Australia 2009 (cat. no. 4221.0) as Appendix 2: Collection of Indigenous Status of Students.

Further details are in Schools Australia, 2009 (cat. no. 4221.0).

3CR Community Radio
PO Box 1277 Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia
Tel. (+61 3) 9419 8377
Fax. (+61 3) 9417 4472
http://www.3cr.org.au

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 1:16 am ¶
Faust wrote:

Seeing as you’re familiar with the CCRF, the function of a constitutional democracy and the blatant violations thereof, you may be inclined to recall S. 33 which does happen to be a part of the CCRF. While S.33 has no effect on Ss. 25 and 35, the trouble comes from the double-status that Indigenous people fall under, which i’ll get to in a second.

The determination of who is or is not a status Indian is relevant for the government. The whole point being is who is, or is not, recipient of government social benefits. While cultural association is a personal thing that is arrived at by the individual and the community. The bottom line is that Aboriginals are subject to special status, a ‘citizens plus’ per se. Aboriginals are not merely Canadian Citizens, but are subject to special treaty rights. The potential theorizing is without end, but there is enough to suggest that widening the set of definitions is likely to result in severe restructuring of the taxation, and/or benefit, system(s), such that taxes become an issue, or the benefits cease to be useful. If a flawed system is strained and failing to work, letting more people into the system will not result in improvements.

Given that Aboriginals are both Canadians and “Indians” (touchy term, but CCRF language is important here), and S. 35 of the CCRF reaffirms Aboriginal rights, that essentially means that Aboriginals (at least in theory) enjoy more rights than the average Canadian Citizen. This is where the HST becomes problematic, because the law in this case endeavors to treat all people equally; S. 15.

I’m in no way attempting to diminutize the problems you have discussed above, I am merely asking you to consider them in a broader light. I can’t Imagine the BC government setting out to maliciously tax Aboriginals. Similarly, I can’t imagine the government maliciously cutting spending on Aboriginal programs.

Another thing that might be worth considering is the (dis)similarity with the situation of African-Americans. I feel there are similarities in the types of social problems experienced, which seem to be endemic of reparation payment systems.

I’ve noticed that the angrier people get, the likelier they are to gloss over the little details which are ever-so important. It is too easy to simply look at one set of facts and completely ignore all the other information that is present. While tuberculosis is 185 times more prevalent among the Inuit, there may be wider social and logistical considerations for why the case is so. Canada is already under strain for medical practitioners. Northern Canada has limited infrastructure, which would first need to be expanded to both build the hospitals and medical facilities, which would then need to be staffed by professionals who just aren’t there, and supplied by materials and resources shipped from further south because the region cannot agriculturally sustain itself, all of which increase the costs exponentially. The equalization payments are a hard pill to swallow as it stands for have-provinces. Touching on this opens the whole can of worms; Quebec’s relative position on these payments.

Taking my own words in stride, I find it frustrating how I, as a minority, face challenges in moving toward a non-racist environment when people keep striving to deconstruct racism out of a scenario where it wasn’t intended. It’s likely I’m overreacting where you are perfectly justified in being boisterous.

Its likely I’ve missed something I’ve wanted to touch on, but my post has already met the TLDR point.

On a side note, I truly ask anyone reading this to reconsidder the garbage that the multi-cultural policy of Canada is. All it is doing is permitting established and immigrating communities to turn into themselves and ignore the fact that Canada is composed of a wider fabric. In the end I only see terrible damage being done where the constituent communities don’t see eye to eye, and break out in a rash of violence as can be noticed by the new ‘aryan guard’ and other racism-oriented groups. I agree with Madelyn, I’d like to think most Canadians are liberally minded, but observing Canadians’ behavior in an actual situation is incredibly disappointing.

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 2:54 am ¶
Lola wrote:

I know this isn’t helpful but I’m so sorry Henri

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 11:17 am ¶
april wrote:

Hi everyone,
I was very excited to see such an article. I am from BC and I too am very frustrated with the treatment of our ppl in the face of racism over the past 500 yrs. The gov’ts use FN’s ppl as a pawn in their game for the next upcoming election and Cnd citizens dont’ realize it but they are used in that game also. Treaties here in BC started almost 15yrs ago with the BC Treaty Process, the gov’t said it would take 5yrs to negotiate but for my own band, its taking 15yrs and we are no where near reaching an agreeement. Now, one of the main barriers is that 62% of our tribal membership is currently living off reserve, and the process mainy focused on on-reserve membership. The problem is that the bands don’t recieve enough funding to accomodate the off-reserve membership. Here in BC much of the land is unceded, yet our ppl are negotiating for 2% of our traditional land base and foresty companies get a say to which land they chose before FN’s, then gov’t, then 3rd Parties, lastly we FN’s get to pick 2% of what is left over. I seriously see something wrong in the way the BC Treaty Process, and think its just another way in which our ppl are being tricked into treaties as they have been for the past 250 yrs. Its all their way or the highway leaving hundreds of communities stuck in the process owing millions of dollars. Then those in the land claims process are constantly being denied based on technical jargon or proof of occupancy issues. I believe the gov’t has us going in circles and never fully intends to live up to their fuduciary obligations to treaty or aboriginal rights and titles issues. Just as they have historically they will continue to give us little as possible leaving our ppl to beg because they are in such a bad way they are willing to sell out for a short term remedy. I say BC FN’s should all unite and say ” hey look here, you been telling us how its going to be for hundred’s of years, these are our communities and this is our land, so this is how it is going to be!” (I wish it were that simple)

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 12:15 pm ¶
May Smith wrote:

Indigenous peoples don’t have “more rights” than the “average Canadian” and indeed, Indigenous peoples “should.” We live on their land, have abused them for centuries, and continue to do so…whatever these “more rights” are supposed to be a la Faust’s post, keep them coming. As a nation founded on “liberalism” hoping that Canadians are “liberally-minded” is a frightening thought. What astounds me is the blatant Euro-centrism, white-censtrism of “my fellow Canadians” who think that by some stretch of the imagination they are doing a FAVOUR to Indigenous peoples by “trying to be liberally minded”….hopefully….maybe….if possible. Ugh. Canadians need to stop trying to deny a long history of continuing racism and actually recognize the humanity of Indigenous peoples who have a right to freedom, whether or not we showed up on a boat, planted a flag and said “this land is mine.”

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 2:38 pm ¶
Native Women wrote:

http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?topic=14768&uid=388064729928#!/group.php?gid=388064729928&ref=nf

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 7:58 pm ¶
Inferior wrote:

Think you’re pissed off!?

Tobique First Nation nb is the poorest community in the COUNTRY! Poorer than Downtown Eastside Vancouver.

We even have an all star lineup of high profile politicians and an unaccounted casino. We have from Tobique (L) chief/lawyer Stewart Charles Paul since 98. His nephew former (L) Attor. Gen. T.J. “Pants on the ground” Burke, (L) Senator Sandra Lovelace & former (L) MP Andy Savoy. Also, former chief and now NB Aboriginal sect. Patrick Craig Francis and finally the Lieutenant Governor of N.B., Graydon Nicholas.

Did I mention that were over $40 mill in net debt? With all this firepower and we can’t make it y’all might as well throw in the towel!

Posted 17 Mar 2010 at 9:02 pm ¶
Faust wrote:

In response to May Smith, you are assuming that aboriginals were abused by all Europeans since first contact, which is blatantly untrue. The evolution of french society in North America continued on a very tight string. I might be bold in suggesting this, but the evidence is present to suggest that the greatest abuses were perpetrated specifically by British colonials. New France repeatedly came close to annihilation by Indigenous peoples, and not as a result of French colonial abuses, but as a result of political conflicts resulting from any alliance system. The Iroquois and the Wendad were mortal enemies. The fact that French explorers befriended the Wendad first resulted in the animosity between the Iroquois and French which nearly saw New France exterminated on several occasions. I did truncate the series of events, but the alliance between the french and Wendad was instrumental in deriving the relationship between french and Iroquois. Considering that the french element of Canada actively refused mandates to, under the European definition, “civilize” aboriginals speaks to the high respect they held for Aboriginals in North America. To assume that the entire history of Canada is one based on unanimous and sharply targeted racism aboriginals is blatantly wrong. That would fly in the face of the crises of national unity stemming from the Riel rebellions. For that fact, if the Iroquois established peace with the French, any Iroquois caught in the mess of wars between the French and the English were unharmed and free to go.

Ideas of national boundaries are not necessarily euro-centric. Territorial boundaries are not merely endemic of Europe, to say that every single issue revolving national identification in conflict with territorial bounds is the product of euro-centrism is ignorant and a lie. Asia has a far longer history of territorial and ethnic disputes than does Europe. Eastern Asia has an illustrious history of internal, “pre-European” conflict that would serve an example in this argument. I would ask you to consider what the precedent prior to the treaty system was. The answer is not that hard to find, because few cultures of antiquity have survived as a nation as a result of occupation by its neighbor, because that neighbor systematically did its best to destroy it. This is why Canada is unique (I haven’t studied the Australian situation, so I cannot claim certainty), because the precedent lies with the fact that New France continued to exist as a colony of Great Britain, rather than become effectively annihilated as the Acadians were.

Perhaps to say that Aboriginals have more rights is incorrect, but the Government does have more obligations to Indigenous groups than to the Canadian citizen. Regardless of Indigenous cultural identifications, Aboriginals are also Canadian citizens, and enjoy those same rights and obligations due to them by government.

Further to this, the Iroquois, while different, were more readilly recognized as a “civil” society by the “civilized” Europeans. They operated within a set territory, with fixed settlements and utilized the land intensively. Any other Aboriginal tribe or nation that it conquered would become a part of that confederacy. It’s granted that there are going to be cultural differences between the Iroquois and European groups, but the political interaction between English, French and Iroquois is akin something that might be seen in any part of the world. Canada has an incredibly difficult history because of the radically different cultural values and interactions by its French and English components.

If you disagree with some or all of my statements, I would at least appreciate the respect of doing at least more than what counts as yelling at me through the internet without establishing some basis of evidence that i can try to find myself. Again, I stress I’m not diminutizing Aboriginal issues, but what I do stress is the necessity to look beyond the immediate concerns.

Conversely, my understanding of certain Aboriginal cultures indicates that the land is present for everyone to use in a communitarian manner. To post the argument that “we are living on [the Aborignals'] land” as May Smith puts it, sounds in itself very Euro-centric and ignores the communitarian Aboriginal values. It is not acceptable to look at a situation from an exclusive stand-point, and to assume that one cultures opinions and benefits end at that cultures boundaries. If we assume that to be true, then Huntington’s “Clash of Civilizations” may as well be our new bible, and ignore every single effort toward a communitarian ideal, and revert to whatever form of racist eugenics you please. This simply doesn’t work. No one person should be granted one set of rights, while another person has another set. If recent memory is anything to go by, this was one of the flaws endemic of the Soviet union.

Additionally, Liberalism has is subject to a wide set of definitions depending on the context it is used in; I get the sense that you misconstrued my meaning. I could just as easily have spouted off in an ambiguous tirade, though I did my absolute best to be clear in my meaning that there are far more things to consider than the those facts which are convenient and appealing. This is likely also why my tour through post secondary education is taking excessively longer than it should; I can’t seem to find a suitable cap for my researches.

I sincerely apologize to anyone reading THIS post, as it a grievous deviation from the above blog entry. May Smith’s comment left me incensed at the lack of any discernible counterargument. I dont pretend to be clear myself, im probably making the most confused arguments because of a lack of space and time, and as such i concede that everyone has made a useful contribution to Jessica Yee’s post permitting for myself and may smith. Again, I do apologize for straying from topic and posting a ridiculously long reply again.

Posted 18 Mar 2010 at 4:59 am ¶
Jessica Yee wrote:

@Faust

As an “Iroquois” (Haudenosaunee in our language, thank you very much) person, I am offended and incensed and disagree with a lot of what you put forward.

I would recommend that you not romanticize our history which is our truth – and I’m not about to expend the energy to tell you why – particularly the points about the French. It wasn’t all that great with the French back then or now. And why even go down the road of “less bad”. A few less murders?

Need I bring up Oka…

Posted 18 Mar 2010 at 10:24 am ¶
Liam Taliesin wrote:

Faust,

You need to watch Alanis Obomsawin’s two films – ‘Rocks at Whiskey Trench’ and ‘Kanehsatake: 270 Years of Resistance’ before lecturing anyone here on the relationship between aboriginals and the French of Quebec.

Posted 18 Mar 2010 at 3:34 pm ¶
Liam Taliesin wrote:

Another quick point Faust

The struggles in the Red River settlement and Batoche were NOT rebellions. The Northwest was not a part of Canada when Riel and Dumont raised the flag for the Metis.

Posted 18 Mar 2010 at 3:45 pm ¶
michael wrote:

@faust

it’s worth noting that even where europeans’ recognition of non-european governance is rooted in fact as well as in treaty – think india, where the strongest principalities weren’t annexed directly to the Empire but rather existed in a sort of vassalage to the british crown – the goal is still exploitation and domination, rather than the ‘wary coexistence’ which characterized european politics. that said, that’s history, and there are treaties which are being ignored -today-, which are conveniently forgotten for the benefit of the Crown. for example, the ipperwash incident which had to end in bloodshed, or the present crisis in Caledonia.

Posted 19 Mar 2010 at 9:08 am ¶
RCHOUDH wrote:

Thank you Jessica for bringing these issues to light. It continues to appall me how little is made public by mainstream media about the issues and systemic discrimination Native communities continue to face in North America.

Posted 19 Mar 2010 at 12:39 pm ¶
Anji wrote:

Great Article! Keep up the good work!

Posted 20 Mar 2010 at 4:01 pm ¶
Yonah wrote:

Amazing, amazing, amazing post. Yes. And it’s really scary how few non-Native Canadians know it’s going on. Even those that are told emotionally brush it off and soon forget. Thank you so much for posting…

Posted 20 Mar 2010 at 4:59 pm ¶