The Fading Histories of People of Colour: Depardieu Plays Dumas

By Deputy Editor Thea Lim

DumasReader Carleandria sent us this link to an article from the Times Online, discussing a controversy that is gaining ground in France after the release of a biopic on French writer Alexandre “The Three Musketeers” Dumas starring Gérard Depardieu:

A fuss over race has soured the release of the latest film in which Gérard Depardieu takes on one of the giants of French history. Black actors and anti-racism campaigners are upset that the white star is cast as Alexandre Dumas, the country’s biggest national hero with mixed blood.

The blonde, blue-eyed Depardieu sports curly hair and darker skin in L’Autre Dumas [trailer here], directed by Safy Nebbou. Dumas, who is still probably the world’s best-loved French author, was an exuberant, high-living celebrity — like Depardieu. His paternal grandmother was a former Haitian slave. His father, a Napoleonic-era general, was deemed to be a Caribbean “negro”. In his lifetime, the novelist was mocked for his African features and he called himself ”un nègre”.

…Non-white celebrities, some Dumas experts and black organisations are angry because they say that the producers missed a chance to celebrate France’s ethnic diversity and remind the world of the writer’s part black origins.

“There is a mechanism of permanent discrimination by silence,” said Jacques Martial, a black actor who made his name playing a television police detective. Patrick Lozès, President of the Council of Black Associations (CRAN) wondered: “In 150 years time, could the role of Barack Obama be played in a film by a white actor with a fuzzy wig? Can Martin Luther King be played by a white?”

…In a protest on the internet, the CRAN said that the casting of Depardieu was fresh evidence of France’s failure to promote non-white stars in its cinema and media. “Very few of our compatriots know that Alexandre Dumas was mixed race and considered to be a black in his lifetime,” it said.

The film commits a double sin in the CRAN’s eyes because its plot, adapted from a successful play, discredits Dumas’ genius by depicting his white assistant as the true creator of his works. “Possibly for commercial reasons, they are white-washing Dumas in order to blacken him further,” it said.

…Dumas’ Wikipedia entry (yes, sorry) contains a quote in which Dumas replied to a taunt about being black. “My father was a mulatto, my grandfather was a Negro, and my great-grandfather a monkey. You see, Sir, my family starts where yours ends.”

Personally I had no idea that Dumas was black.  This makes me wonder how many famous people of colour – especially those of mixed heritage – are white-washed by history.   I also recently learned (through another reader tip!) that the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin was black too.

POC reclamation project, anyone?

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  1. Link(s): Mon, Mar 1st, 12pm to Wed, Mar 3rd, 5pm | Your Revolution (The Blog!) on 04 Mar 2010 at 2:23 am

    [...] The Fading His­to­ries of People of Colour: Depar­dieu Plays Dumas | Racia­li­cious — the int… [...]

Comments

  1. peter wrote:

    Slightly OT,

    There’s always been a question on Beethoven’s true identity. Some have claimed that he too was black…

  2. jen* wrote:

    I learned that Dumas was mixed when I was about 10 or 11 – I was amazed, because at that time, I didn’t realize there’d been any black people in France before Josephine Baker. [I was 10.]

    But I’ve always been proud to know the history of Dumas, simply because of The Three Musketeers. [I was never into The Man in the Iron Mask]

    That’s why I was so pissed to learn that Depardieu was playing him. How idiotic! The dude from “My Father, The Hero” [the ickfest from the 90s] is going to play Dumas??? NO ONE should go see this movie.

    I still can’t believe someone even had the *idea*. Eww.

  3. TAG wrote:

    I read about this last week and i was actually quite pissed when i read the part of “who better to capture the essence of Dumas than Depardieu”. Prior to reading this story i didn’t even know he was Black. If you need to darken someone’s skin to play a role then chances are, the person is not suited to the Role. Geez people!

  4. Luey wrote:

    I had no idea either Dumas or Pushkin was black! I would love to see a POC reclamation. We assume that a) white is default and b) POC were too busy being oppressed to do anything great before our enlightened modern era. I would love to see this myth exploded.

    My favorite unknown POC is Ralph Nader, who is of Middle Eastern heritage (Lebanese). But you smart people probably already knew that one.

  5. blah wrote:

    Wow, they totally missed on the hair! Dumas looks like his hair is a 4, despite being 1/4 black, while Gerards wig is curly “caucasian” hair, not even very curly. I think people should also see some statements from the director. I don’t know how I feel about his comments. His comment about Gerard having blue eyes, lol hello Vanessa Williams!!

    “L’Autre Dumas director Safy Nebbou is also of mixed-ethnicity. Nebbou explained that “it would have been a historic [sic] error to have chosen a mixed-blood actor … [Dumas] had blue eyes like Depardieu.”

    An official statement reads that “it is true that Dumas was one-quarter black, but that also means he was three-quarters white,” adding that “if diversity … needs to be promoted, it shouldn’t be at the expense of artistic freedom, which has as its base analogies and metaphors, beginning with the choice of actors.” The statements concludes that “happily, film, like life, cannot be reduced to a matter of genetics.”

  6. Anon wrote:

    I’m not surprised at all. France also took their sweet time(Jaque Chiraq) interring him at Pantheon. His father was biracial, and in a Napoleanic era, could have very well been considered or claimed as a slave. *sigh* ah, ya gotta love slavery, practically ordained by the catholic church at the time. They had chance after chance to condemn it from its inception, but stayed silent until it was pointless. That silence was and is unacceptable. I’m still waiting for that formal fucking apology from the Vatican. Back to Dumas. Again, I’m not surprised by this obvious faux pas of casting Gerard because aside from washing some black feet, France is no better at accepting its history as it pertains to black biracials and others, as say America?
    Anywayz, research Chevalier de Saint-Georges. My Gma got me his bio(one of many bios) for my 12th bday. Lots of similarities to this Dumas, only Chevalier is old enough to have been Dumas’ father, and was not an author.

    One white country is the same as the rest…

  7. pololly wrote:

    That quote is the s***. Dumas 1 Racist a**hole 0

  8. miga wrote:

    @blah- also, did NO ONE think of contacts? That’s the lamest excuse.

  9. Ay-leen wrote:

    As a fan of Russian lit, I was familiar with Pushkin’s history–but I think that it’d be nice for more people to know. I wasn’t aware that Dumas had mixed heritage though!

    People knowing about the cultural influence of PoCs in white-majority nations outside of North America can certainly expand the international discourse on race…

  10. blah wrote:

    Exactly, miga! They can think of horrible wigs and going to the trouble of darkening someone’s skin but contacts are out of the question, the person playing Dumas just has to have natural blue eyes!

  11. Anon wrote:

    And look at the Marianne Pearl debacle, she’s french, and basically told all us darkies to stfu about Angelina portraying her because she APPROVED. Hmm maybe French multiracial people don’t like to be reminded of their black blood quantum? So if Dumas were alive today would he tell us to stfu? I don’t even care anymore because the gatekeepers of white culture and society make sure they indoctrinate everyone into thinking like them, for example, what is and is not art, white culture dictates that only they produce anything of worth, and they get to decide what the “classics” are. I’m pretty sure they attribute Dumas’ intelligence and creativity to his white blood quantum. I am soooooo glad that my daughter still believes that I am some omnipotent-deity mom because I can do a shitload of damage control, and a little indoctrination of my own, to balance out this constant white bullshit.

  12. Deaf Indian Muslim Anarchist wrote:

    Jesus f–king christ. I had no idea Dumas was mixed…

    goes to show you how they love to white-wash famous authors and classic Western literature.

  13. Aka Lynn wrote:

    While I do agree that much there is so much of history that has been delibrately whitewashed, one must remember that though Pushkin embraced his African heritage, Dumas and Pushkin weren’t exclusively African nor black, therefore, unless the movie makes delibrate effort to deny or reject Dumas’s mixed race ancestry, I don’t see why all the fuss.. Would the reaction be the same if Dumas’s french heritage was rejected and a dark skinned actor like Djimon Hounsou played Dumas?

  14. Ruchama wrote:

    Another mixed-race European whose black ancestry is frequently ignored: Alessandro de Medici, whose mother was a Moorish servant. Most of the European royal families are descended from him.

  15. Lola wrote:

    here we go again with the racebending

  16. jen* wrote:

    @Ruchama – I had no idea the de Medici’s had mixed ancestry!

    That’s kind of awesome.

  17. Kenny wrote:

    Not surprised.The part Nicholas Cage played in United 93 was of a Black guy who was heroic.Dumas must be heroic and get the girl in the film ,therfore cast a White actor.

  18. Juan wrote:

    That movie and the defense for it annoys me to no end whatsoever. And who says you can’t have non-brown eyes if you’re not white? And without contacts too, dammit. There’s even a livejournal thread where the put up (visibly) Black actors with (natural) blue eyes.

  19. Lola wrote:

    apparently these people have never seen Michael Ealy

  20. RCHOUDH wrote:

    Can’t say I’m surprised about France doing this. It is after all the perfect example of a nation practicing colorblindness. It census survey reportedly doesn’t classify citizens based on race, ethnicity, or religion. It’s well known how it defines secularism (don’t practice your religion in public). It refuses to acknowledge the injustices it committed against its subjects during its colonial history. And now we have this; the excuse given for this “colorblind” casting choice is really stupid as everyone else pointed out: just because of his blue eyes a white person should be cast because only whites have blue eyes/ I call this nonsense the The Last Airbender excuse.

  21. Big Man wrote:

    Damn, I can’t believe some of y’all hadn’t heard about Dumas and Pushkin.

    This means that Black History month is truly failing people.

  22. Tony wrote:

    I’ve known Dumas was mixed for a long time, but I thought he was actually “mulatto” and not the idea his father was.

    Looking at the portraits of him he looks darker than I am, but hey genetics are funny that way.

    It’s really kind of pathetic they’d cast a white guy and then go “well, he was 3/4ths white”

    Uhm, yeah, but he pretty obviously didn’t LOOK like a white guy.

    You can’t pull out a “genetic makeup” argument when it goes against the historical evidence of the appearance of the person.

    It’s like casting a man who towers over the rest of the cast to play Napoleon because there are tall Coriscans.

  23. teresa wrote:

    I only learned of Dumas’s color because he is one of the authors used as a screensaver on the kindle. Which means I learned around xmas. And I like to think I’m a lit buff. fail.

  24. pinksghetti wrote:

    Wow I didn’t know that about Dumas but recently heard about Pushkin. Two who people probably know about but from more recent times are British Actor Peter Ustinov (his grandmom was black) and Carol Channing (whose dad was black or biracial). IRR have been going on around the world since the beginning of time.

  25. Kandeezie wrote:

    It’s acceptable and justified by directors here – white man playing non-white man. But holy crap! Ask them to cast more non-whites for roles originally written about or for a white character…well, we see how that’s already panned out. Reminds me of long long ago in Shakespeare’s plays where they would have female characters played by males. Hummm…

  26. Olivia wrote:

    I never knew Dumas was black. It is a shame the makers of this film cast a white man for the part rather than using it as an opportunity to inform people like me.

  27. Reiter wrote:

    Speaking of Christ . . . I’m fairly sure he was of the brown persuasion, rather than the lily white man most mainstream imagery and movies would have us all believe.

    But be it Asian, Black, Brown, etc. in origin, leave it to Hollywood to rewrite history as well as whitewash fiction and everything in between.

  28. Just A Thought wrote:

    Interesting, I always knew Dumas was black, but now I know he was mixed race. And frankly, in the spirit of self identification, if he didn’t see the need to trot out his 3/4 white heritage, than neither should anyone else.

    As for the casting, don’t you know that colored folk who do something good get white-washed? And if they can’t make the character totally white, they find the lightest mixed-race/latin@/light-skinned person they can because of course darkies are incapable of genius —/snark.

    As for the manipulation of the story to make the assistant sound all grand, blech. Stuff like that makes me sick.

  29. Dr. Matthew wrote:

    I learned about Pushkin reading Alice Randall’s “Pushkin and the Queen of Spades” (not in my intensive Russian lit courses in college)…. Randall was also the headline-garnering author of “The Wind Done Gone.”

  30. Brenda S. wrote:

    Yeah. I also didn’t know that Alexander Dumas was part black until someone I know told me last month!!! I also learned that Alexander Pushkin was also part black!!

    What is there to hide or be ashamed of!?

  31. Brenda S. wrote:

    …and furthermore, I heard that Abraham Lincoln also had some black ancestry as well as the composer Beethoven.

    What, there aren’t any part black actors living in France who can play Dumas!? Such a closeminded WORLD!

  32. Kendra wrote:

    Lol, what an interesting story and just after BHM (damn you leap year!). If they really wanted to they could find black actors with naturally blue eyes. Eye color is such a fucking lame excuse. There are tons of black people with naturally light colored eyes. And you certainly don’t need a light complexion to have light eyes. So this idea that only white/light people monopolize light colored eyes is total bunk.

    Africa being the cradle of civilization, of course black people are capable of producing all eye colors and skin colors among other things.

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tt8mQGu0b2g

    Michael Ealy could play him as a younger and slimmer man I suppose. But yea, with an actual black person the only thing you might change is eye color. With a random ass white guy you have to change hair texture (which with the wig they’re presumably using they’re doing a poor job of such) and risk verging into blackface territory.

  33. Johanna wrote:

    His contemporaries sure didn’t seem focused on depicting him as “3/4 white”…
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexandre_Dumas_13.jpg

  34. Johanna wrote:

    (Lest someone misunderstand: not that I think that’s what he actually looked like, but that’s the whole point. If the man was mocked his whole life for not being white, isn’t that kind of… important?)

  35. Mickey wrote:

    Wow. This is STILL going on, but I am not surprised. We just had an article about white actors playing Asian characters. Now this is early Hollywood rerunning its course. Lena Horne could have played the mixed race Julie in “Showboat”, but the role was given to Ava Gardner instead. A few years back, Angelina Jolie played the mixed race Mariane Pearl in “A Mighty Heart, which sparked controversy among the black blogosphere since the producers had Jolie donning darker makeup and a wig to portray the real-lie Pearl, who actually suggested Jolie protray her.

    When I was a kid, I had a book called a “Book of Lists” and one of the pages was a listing of people in history who were part black. John James Audubon, actor Peter Ustinov, and others were on the list.

  36. Mickey wrote:

    @ RCHOUDH,

    Yeah, obviously these people not only have never heard of POC with blue eyes, like Vanessa Williams. I wonder how many have never heard of Aishwarya Rai Bachchan?

  37. Juan wrote:

    @Big Man,
    Yep, unless you do your own work or luck out people are failed on both the USian and international level.

    @Tony
    Oh pish posh, didn’t you know humans beings and their skintones are like paint? =p

  38. eh wrote:

    My great grandfather had blue eyes and he wasn’t white or 3/4ths white. Neither were his parents. I’ve actually seen a few people Beyonce’s color who had blue eyes fwiw.

  39. KatinPhilly wrote:

    As my modest contribution to the POC reclamation project, the first African American head of a college was Father Healy, who was president of Georgetown University, my alma mater. It was under his brilliant tenure that the college obtained university status, among other achievements.

    I love Peter Ustinov (a true progressive politically), and didn’t know he had Ethiopian ancestry. Knew about Pushkin and Dumas, though.

  40. RCHOUDH wrote:

    I’m sure they’ve seen Bachan at the Cannes Film Festival. But then when confronted with such evidence of blue-eyed POC’s their next excuse will be these individuals are simply “exceptions” because their eyes came from “part white ancestry”.

  41. AMarie wrote:

    I always knew Dumas was Black, but I never knew he was of mixed-heritage.

    Huh. Now I want to pick up his books again!

  42. Sonic wrote:

    I had no idea about Alexandre Dumas! This is exciting. I loved “The Count of Monte Cristo” and “The Three Musketeers” and never actually read up on the author himself.

  43. lunanoire wrote:

    Let me get this right: Hollywood (and other Western entertainment industries) often picks mixed/lighter POC to play unmixed/mixed but darker POC, but when it’s time to tell the story of a mixed POC they use a white person? The entertainment industry has already found light-eyed POC. Just audition ‘em.

    Daniel Radcliffe didn’t wear green contacts to play Harry Potter despite how rabid some fans are.

  44. nicepebbles wrote:

    I read “The Man in the Iron Mask” in high school. I remember learning Dumas was black but I don’t remember learning that in school at the time. I think it was later on my own because history in the schools I went to as far as including POC = fail.

    That official statement is such crap. In one breath they admit to him being mixed (1/4 black and 3/4 white) and then say it would have been inaccurate to have a mixed race actor play him. In my mind, having mixed race actor play him would’ve been the BEST way. Did no one proof the statement for grammar, spelling, sense? I also like how they add that the director is mixed race as if to say, “See one them is fine with it so it must be okay.”

  45. karak wrote:

    I had no idea, at all, that Dumas was black. And I love his works, and I jut never research on authors.

    How, how, HOW could they cast a 100% white guy in this role? And then put him in blackface? Aaaaaaargh.

  46. ashlynn wrote:

    @Ruchama

    HOLD THE PHONE. THE MEDICIS WERE MIXED?!?!

    Can a girl a get a link here? I spent my senior year in art class learning allll about how glorious the Medicis were and blah blah and not ONE mention of this.

    and what’s funny is that the art teacher(who is white) was actually fired last year for telling her class that they were “acting like niggers”.

  47. Ain't I an African wrote:

    What! I had no idea about Dumas nor Pushkin. It just makes me sad that there is a default race to which every great artist, writer, poet etc. in history is assumed to belong until proven otherwise. Of course as you can tell, I am guilty of those assumptions as well.

  48. Mickey wrote:

    nicepebbles,

    How about Wentworth Miller, the guy from “Prison Break”? He’s a quadroon (mulatto father, white mother) and would have been perfect to play a real-life histroical quadroon figure. Mariah Carey could have played Sally Hemings on the made-for-tv movie about her relationship with Thomas Jefferson since both women are/were quadroons as well.

  49. Irene M wrote:

    @KatinPhilly

    Wow, as a Catholic, I’m so glad you introduced me to Father Healy. The whole Healy family is pretty cool. One of his brothers became a Bishop, another was an accomplished navy captain in Alaska, and one of his sisters was mother superior of a convent. Fascinating.

  50. Irene M wrote:

    Correction: his brother was a captain in the coast guard.

  51. Ruchama wrote:

    @ashlynn: Alessandro di Medici http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/secret/famous/medici.html

  52. Dane wrote:

    The Healy’s are from my town in Macon. They got sent North to receive a Quaker education.

  53. eh wrote:

    Irene, from my understanding (check link in his IMDB page). Whentworth’s father has a very similar lineage to my mom’s family. In that “mulatto” married “mulatto” for many generations. Often people would marry their cousins. I don’t think our current society even has the words or reference point to make since of that, since we have always tried to put people into neat little categories (starting with the first 20th century census). I know people who one could more accurately label as “quardaroon” (words we don’t even use anymore). Also, notice that in America we had a word for quardaroon, but not a word for a black person who had one grandparent that was white. Think about that…

    One last question, would we care if a POC actor didn’t portray Warren G. Harding?
    http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0589505/board/thread/148178625?d=148182647&p=1#148182647

  54. Juan wrote:

    Also for Ashlynn and anyone

    http://www.nok-benin.co.uk/history_europe.htm

  55. Juan wrote:

    Woops, wrong bookmark. Meant for it to be this: http://afroeurope.blogspot.com/2009/10/black-history-black-european-nobility.html#c955140827295621234

  56. Luis wrote:

    This is the most outrageous nonsense. Most of the world won’t even know the difference though. The Francophone world knows Dumas was of mixed heritage, but it was not a widely publicized point when he was put into translation. As a result, the English-speaking world has no clue about the details of his life.

  57. Seattle Slim wrote:

    I learned Dumas was part black when I read The Man in the Iron Mask. He is one of my favorite authors. MOF, my youngest’s middle name is Alexandre after him. lol

    When I was in the military learning Russian, saw a picture of Pushkin, and I said to myself, “He’s mixed with something.” Come to find out he’s great-grandmother or grandmother (I believe) was an Ethiopian princess or something. I can’t recall exactly, forgive me.

    Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (aka America’s First Queen in the colonial sense; wife to King George III) is said to be an “octoroon”. Heather Locklear and a branch of the De Medicis are also said to be black and I think Peter Ustinov as well. PBS has a great link on this.

    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/secret/famous/

  58. J wrote:

    In Russia, it is pretty well known that Pushkin was black. Interestingly, I rarely see it mentioned in the US. He was the descendant of an African general of Russia, I believe.

  59. Mickey wrote:

    “Also, notice that in America we had a word for quardaroon, but not a word for a black person who had one grandparent that was white. Think about that…”

    @eh,

    The opposite of a quadroon would be a griffe or quadroon negro (I read that somewhere) since the would be 3/4 black and 1/4 white.

  60. Mickey wrote:

    Another name would be a “75 percenter”. lol

    That is what Dave Chappelle referred to himself as when telling a British audience that his mother is half black, half white and his father is 100% black.

  61. Baiskeli wrote:

    @ashlynn

    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/secret/famous/medici.html
    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/secret/famous/mediciupdate.html


    Due to a kind of snobbery endemic to the field – a subject which Phillipe de Montebello at the Met in New York so unabashedly has talked about – it is not just the Philadelphia Museum but the American art establishment in general that appears to be having difficulty coming to terms with this Medici scion from whom descends some of Europe’s most titled families, including two branches of the Hapsburgs.

    In just the last three years, for example, a portrait of Alessandro’s daughter, Giulia, Princess of Ottojano, and another portrait of the Duke himself have appeared in two major exhibitions in the U.S.: one at the National Gallery in Washington in 2001 and another at the Art Institute of Chicago in an exhibit which a few months later travelled to the Detroit Institute of the Arts where it closed in 2003. However, as with the current Philadelphia exhibit, little was done by the curators of these shows to draw the public’s attention to either the Duke’s color or his place in history.

    In the only reference to the Duke’s color in the entire 173-page catalogue of the Philadelphia exhibit, Karl Strehlke, the curator and organizer writes, “Some scholars have claimed that Alessandro’s mother was a North African slave. This cannot be confirmed, however, and the text of a letter that she wrote to her son in 1529 suggests that she was an Italian peasant from Lazio.” Such a statement can only be described as disingenuous.

    Based on what Lorenzino de’ Medici, Alessandro’s kinsman, wrote about her in his Aplogoia, all scholars who have dealt with the subject accept that the servant whom he cites as the Duke’s mother, is one and the same Simunetta from Collavecchio in the province of Lazio. Besides her being specifically identified as a “slave” by the historians Bernardo Segni and Giovanni Cambi, both contemporaries of the Duke’s, Cardinal Salviati, a relation of Alessandro’s, describes this woman as “una villisima schiava.” And, in point of fact, the question of identity that Lorenzino de’ Medici does raise, and Segni repeats, is not whether Simunetta was Alessandro’s mother, but whether the “mule driver” she subsequently married was Alessandro’s father instead of one or the other of two candidates still attributed with his paternity.

    As Christopher Hare in his work, Romance of a Medici Warrior, explains, “[Alessandro] was reported to be the son of the late Lorenzo dei Medici, Duke of Urbino, but the affection shown him by Clement VII, gave strength to the general opinion that the Pope was his father. In any case his mother was a mulatto slave, and Alessandro had the dark skin, thick lips and curly hair of a Negro.”

  62. reallyneat wrote:

    @RCHOUDH and everyone else

    Er. I think we’re being in denial here that POC with blue eyes have no Euro ancestry. You say they’re not mixed? How do you know they’re not? If whites mixed in with blacks in 16-18th century Europe, can’t it go the other way around?

    @ Luey
    Ralph Nader may be Lebanese but as I said above, POC in their homelands can be mixed too. I was told by a Lebanese guy in college that many Lebanese are mixed with Euro from the Crusades and I’ll add some could be mixed with recent white ancestry from Colonialism. Not that there’s anything wrong with that. I’m just uncomfortable with people wanting to deny they have white in them when it’s so painfully obvious–like Ralph Nader!

    Regarding Dumas. I’m not surprised. I also read that Alexander Pushkin was part black, but until now I would dismiss such findings as unbelievable since it was never confirmed in popular media or books. Just goes to show how gullible I was.

  63. nicepebbles wrote:

    @ Mickey re: Wentworth Miller. Exactly! I used to watch Prison Break. He could’ve pulled it off in looks and talent. The official statement makes it seems like there is no such thing as a mixed race actor. You either go white or black.

    @Mickey re: 75 percenter. I might have to use that (3/4 Black, 1/4 Portuguese). lol. I look in the mirror and see a “Black” woman but I’ve actually had people tell me “You look like you have something else in you.” Really? Okay. *shrugs* I have said I have a Portguese great-grandfather. I probably shouldn’t say that since it’s BS that they can tell. I can see them saying that to my huband (Guyanase of African, Scottish, Indian, Portuguese descent). He’s been mistaken for everything even “Unkown.”

  64. Menshevik wrote:

    Must say I was surprised that so few people knew about Dumas’ and Pushkin’s blackness. I would point out however that the Times Online article is incorrect about Alexandre Dumas’ father – he was a revolutionary era French general who AFAIK was not employed under Napoleon (who reintroduced slavery) and in his time was considered a mulatto. (To call him a “negro” is in effect projecting 19th/20th century US racial definitions into a different time and region. The difference between “negro” and “mulatto” was an important one in France and Haiti at the time – after independence, Haiti was actually split in two on racial lines between a mulatto southern state and a black northern one from 1806 to 1820.

    Dumas got quite a bit racist hate in his life, but from what I gather, his own racial attitudes were also not above reproach – black characters are said to have fit in well with the racist stereotypes of the the day, and the famous put-down quoted in the Times Online article, while clever, does not exactly indicate pride in his black ancestors.

    Charges that Alexandre Dumas took advantage of his collaborators are not new and had a lot of work done by ghost-writers, who in French, at least until the mid-20th century, were called “nègres”, are not new, btw. I’ve even seen an apocryphal story that once, when a “nègre” of his suddenly died and he went to the offices of the magazine in which his current novel was published as a serial with an excuse why the latest instalment had not arrived, he was embarrassed to find that it had, because the “nègre” had hired another “nègre” to do his work for him.