Nail Salons in Oakland
By Guest Contributor Momo Chang, originally published at the Hyphen Magazine Blog

Recently learned that the city of Oakland is trying to make it a lot harder for people to open nail salons and laundromats, via an emergency ordinance. What is that, you ask? The gist of it is that if you want to operate a new nail salon or laundromat, you’d have to apply for a major conditional use permit, which costs around $3,000, which means that many mom and pop owners will think twice about opening a nail shop in Oakland.
What do we know about nail salons? A lot, and also not a lot. In the latest issue of Hyphen, I wrote about the trend of green nail salons. For years now we’ve known and suspected that the chemicals used in nail salons are not good for the workers, or for consumers. We also know that upwards of 80 percent of nail shops in California are owned and run by Asian immigrants, mostly Vietnamese. It is a popular field for new refugees/immigrants because you don’t need good English skills and there is whole existing community to help new people get into the field (cosmetology tests in Vietnamese, Vietnamese cosmetology schools, Asian-owned shops, etc.).
According to the city’s resolution, this additional barrier would be “necessary to preserve the public peace, health, welfare, or safety and to avoid a direct threat to the health, safety, and welfare of the community….” At first when I read that, I thought they were talking about the health and safety issues of the workers in nail salons because of the chemicals issue and lack of proper ventilation. But no, the reasoning behind it is because nail salons are not attractive, and would deter more high end businesses from moving in.
There are some interesting comments in the post at local blog A Better Oakland, which is the first place I have seen write about this (thanks to our creative director, Erica, for pointing it out). People are either appalled at the city council and rightly agree that nail shops and laundromats are things that local people use a lot, while a few others think there are too many nail shops as it is. It’s true; in some parts of Oakland, along certain boulevards, there’s probably an average of a nail shop on every former. But what type of business would go there instead? I really don’t know. There are already many empty storefronts as it is.
However, very few of the commenters recognize that perhaps the bigger picture of nail salon proliferation is health and safety of the workers, and thus consumers and those who live around the shops. For example, an oversaturation of the business leads to more competition and driving down of prices, which could mean worse working conditions for employees. I have not been to the council meetings where they’ve talked about this issue, so perhaps there is more to this ordinance, but based solely on the way it’s written, it seems like their reasons behind limiting these businesses is pretty weak. I mean, why? And is this ordinance really necessary? People who want to open nail shops are just going to open them in neighboring cities, like Alameda or Emeryville, which doesn’t address the worker safety issue.
In my opinion, as the nail salon industry has grown, the people who work there have been made an easy target, and this ordinance is just another example. From the sketch by Anjelah Johnson, who makes fun of nail salon workers, to salons getting robbed, and now this.
Anyway, here are some of the more interesting comments from A Better Oakland’s post about Oakland’s emergency ordinance:
“Higher value stores” for whom? Nail and hair salons are among the few owner-operated businesses left. I think there’s a market for a combo laundromat, nail shop, liquor store for the multi-tasking women of Oakland (with wifi and coffee, of course)…”
“Over recent years my business has been located upstairs from a wig shop, a low-end auto insurance company, and two nail shops, among other retail businesses. My experience of nail shops is that they are the least troublesome except in one regard: ventilation. It is a serious health issue for the workers, patrons, and upstairs neighbors to be protected from toxic vapors, especially the workers (exposed all day). I believe that the ventilation, odor, and toxicity aspects are the things to focus on. The rest is a non-problem. The nail salon folks are going to have to compete on the leasing market. We don’t have to regulate them other than for health and safety.”
“Nail shops are as American as barbershops. If a landlord wants to rent to a nail shop, let the City Council and Planning Department butt out. Emergency, my foot.”
Thoughts? I’d love to hear from an API perspective and specifically from organizations that work with nail salon workers.
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Photo by *cedro*’s flickr account (feet for thoughts) under Creative Commons.
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