New Vivienne Westwood ads feature black model, but with what message?

by guest contributor Brigitte, originally published at Make Fetch Happen

Last season Vivienne Westwood raised a few eyebrows when she publicly lambasted fashion editors, calling them racist for refusing to use black models on their pages. Westwood even went as far as to call for an affirmative action of sorts, to force editors to use a certain percentage of black models. Later, she also spoke of her upcoming ads which would feature the beautiful Kenyan model Ajuma Nasenyana, no stranger to Westwood’s runway, as the face of the Spring campaign.

I was impressed with Westwood’s willingness to speak so openly about what we’ve all been decrying for years and looked forward to seeing the new ads with Ajuma (whom I think is one of the most stunning models to emerge in the last few years.) In my view, the grande dame could have just as easily said nothing, accepted the status quo, and had another cup of tea.

Well, low and behold, the ads have finally made their way into fashion magazines and sadly, I am not impressed. Westwood’s ads are usually on the fringe but seeing Ajuma posing with a spear and gun in a series of ads that also includes African masks, animal corpses and even bananas is crossed the line from provocative to stereotypical and wholly unnecessary.

Is it a political message? I don’t know. Shot by Juergen Teller, they are certainly eye-catching. Nasenyana’s dark shiny skin absorbs ever bit of the stark white background. In one, Ajuma wears a yellow and green dress reminiscent of the plumage of an exotic bird while holding a machine gun. In spite of the dress, Ajuma, with her closely cropped hair and somewhat androgynous appearance, could easily be mistaken for a young boy, or more aptly, a child soldier, much like the ones who are all too often shown on the evening news or in documentaries on Africa’s war torn regions. Is this ‘empowerment’ or is Westwood alluding to the ‘force’ she wants used to put models like Ajuma on the pages of Vogue and Elle?

Another image show Ajuma standing behind an armchair, casually holding the hand of a casually seated white male model who is also holding a gun while yet another has her alone, holding a spear.

Maybe it’s just my own irritation at this subject but I can’t help but wonder what the reaction would be if say Gisele or Kate Moss were photographed in this ’safari chic’ manner nearly every time they appeared in an ad or editorial. Or better yet, as cavewomen? Wouldn’t it be promptly dismissed as tiresome or unoriginal? I have honestly seen Ajuma, and other black models, used in this exploitative manner dozens and dozens of times.

Where fashion used to be a fun past-time for me, it has now become repetitive and tiresome.

I’ve posted before about the refusal of some fashion photographers to view black female models as anything but an exotic other, to be dressed up in feathers or pelts to exploit their racial origins. To see this trend continued into yet another decade is troubling. Haven’t we made any progress?

As for Dame Westwood, to her I would say that although I appreciate her support of the struggle, maybe next time she should just send a check.

Photo source: BerlinRocks!/TFS

Trackbacks & Pings

  1. New Hermes campaign shows desi model in her native (colonized) habitat at Racialicious - the intersection of race and pop culture on 03 Mar 2008 at 9:00 am

    […] why fashion designers and editors don’t seem to be able to use models of color without exoticizing/exploiting their race or culture. And last summer, we discussed Vogue’s obsession with romanticizing […]

  2. Link-Love — Media Assassin on 03 Mar 2008 at 1:41 pm

    […] on Racialicious for seemingly scouring every corner of the net for thoughtful race critique, like this piece on Vivienne Westwood’s perhaps-well-meaning-yet-somehow-still-wrong ad campaign. You can […]

Comments

  1. Wendi Muse wrote:

    yeah, appreciation noted, but this rubs me the wrong way. it’s like if someone said, i wish there were more apa models in the industry, then stuck them all in kimonos with geisha makeup for the ads, regardless of ethnic/national backgrounds. if we’re just going to be used as walking stereotypes instead of being dressed and treated like the white models, then what’s the point? it’s just as bad, if not worse

  2. Cynthia wrote:

    But a picture could mean many, many, many things. I could have a picture of a non-white model bowing/curtsying. One can say that she’s an actress or dancer who has completed a performance while another could say that she’s staff and bowing/curtsying to an employer…or is that going too far (since bowing to an employer is not as “deep” as a dancer’s curtsy)

  3. michelle wrote:

    this is just wrong I don’t care about the political statement it’s tryin to make because we all know in the end it does nothing but shock people. ajuma looks exploited tbh

  4. Black Canseco wrote:

    Unfortunately, “inclusion” for blacks has always meant the right to be involved in the stupidest most dehumanizing of pursuits of the society that’s marginalized them the most.

    What’s the point of being a black model if all you’re doing is being forced into the same stupid hurtful body-images of white models—in addition to the endlessly degrading racial constructs you have to fight thru?

    V. Westood’s no better than America’s Next Top Model. Sure her casting is more diverse; but they (the models of color) have to be equally as unhelathy skinny, hair just as straight, personalities just as plastic and narcassistic as the white models.

    Is freedom an equality simply a case of “yippee, now i get to do what those who’ve benefited from my marginalization do–no matter how wrongheaded!” (I must’ve missed that part of MLK, Jr’s overly co-opted speech.)

    Anyway… Viv and Tyra make one realize just how right Carter G. Woodson’s Miseducation of the Negro was. And still is.

  5. Linda wrote:

    Stuff white people like # 50….Irony

    White people love irony even when it’s trying to be progressive. They will acknowledge that there are not enough people of colour on the fashion runways, and in mainstream media. They will even speak out about it in public forums, denouncing those responsible for the lack of racial diversity. Some will even fire their booking agents and play the blame game. They will put well known minority celebrities in the front rows of fashion shows, provide them with free cloths and accessories, and take photos with them in public to promote their new fashion lines. IRONICALLY they WON’T have people of colour in their shows, and will make history for having ONE female of colour on the runway after 15 years. They will want you to acknowledge their movement forward and ability to be progressive and open minded. IRONICALLY they will ever so often put people of colour in magazine ads depicting them in a stereotypical and prejudicial fashion, in order to say “see we can be diverse…now stop complaining.” So next time you see a white person in fashion discuss how diversified the fashion industry is and their ability to move forward, even give them a pat on the back and thank them for putting more models of colour on the runway and in magazines. They love stuff like that!

    *(saying this in my most sarcastic voice)*

  6. Wendi Muse wrote:

    linda,
    that was awesome.

  7. kahlilG wrote:

    The only ad I saw was the one you posted. I love it. However I didn’t see the spear one. I really took the comment about fashion being old and tiresome to heart. Not to say you shouldn’t feel the way you do but I feel fashion is a progressive art. I may be mislead in my beliefs but I really feel that fashion, as well as in music and media, people of color can make strides to really break down the oppressive chains that are holding us back.

    As for Linda, not only was I nodding my head because it makes so much sense, but I’m laughing so hard.

    Also, do you mind if I post this on tfs?

  8. Linda wrote:

    kahlilG, I have no problem with you reposting this. Thanks for the complement.

  9. Bianca wrote:

    Is it truly progressive to put a bunch of Black models in “high fashion” magazines? (I should say, Black or not, the “plight” of models is bull to me.) I have never felt less marginalized because I saw a rail thin Black woman wearing an outfit that costs more than I make in a month. I have never felt uplifted because someone with my complexion is being paid thousands of dollars for her height and bone structure.

    Why do we need fashion magazines and runway shows to validate our beauty? And why would we ever expect a white-run, billion dollar, media industry to do that?
    As far as I can tell, the images of white models have f*cked up the minds of far too many white women. Seeing Black women “treated and dressed” like white models doesn’t seem appealing. I think it’s most effective when we affirm our beauty for ourselves. Seeing Alek on the cover of Elle when I was a teenager was cool, but it was nothing compared to my mama telling me “Black is beautiful” and hearing that sentiment echoed in the communities I flocked to.

  10. TierList E wrote:

    Bianca

    Well, in my painfully idealistic mind I would hope that the fashion industry would eventually go down a path of overall diverse and more realistic beauty types in displaying their work.

    Honestly I can’t see who’d it hurt to have average sized women on there. Whinging about how the clothes won’t fit well- I know they haven’t tried new tactics for different sizes and body types. How does that inspire women to buy their clothes? “Hey, buy this dress- it won’t look as good on you though”. Although I have appreciated runway shows for various artistic values and whatnot, I can’t say that I ever had the urge to wear anything that was walking down the runway.

    All the different things you can play with and visions you can complete with a diverse set of women- to me it seems so full of untapped resources.

  11. Skeptic wrote:

    Am I the only who is glad that I am not represented by a bunch of racist? I think as Asian American we should STOP consuming like white people and complain that they should represent us more.

    This is an example of how you get what you asked for.

  12. jayjay wrote:

    bananas and spears? Jesus, why not just get a white model in blackface?

    And I really liked the androgynous Ajuma with her Kalashnikov until I started thinking about it. Ugh.

    And can someone explain to me the lack of hair on African models (like Ajuma here or Alek Wek)? Is the fashion industry really that close-minded about kinky hair?

  13. Carmen Van Kerckhove wrote:

    > And can someone explain to me the lack of hair on African models (like Ajuma here or Alek Wek)? Is the fashion industry really that close-minded about kinky hair?

    Excellent point. I’ve always been a bit suspicious of the fashion world’s celebration of Alek Wek for this very reason.

    It seems like black models are either very dark-skinned with close-cropped hair and more stereotypically African facial features OR they are light-skinned with more European features.

    The latter type of model (Liya Kebede for example) seems to enjoy a greater diversity of jobs.

    But the former type seems to be used solely in images like this Vivienne Westwood campaign - where there is this attempt to contrast the “savage” (guns, animal pelts, bananas) with the “civilized” (the expensive clothes, white people).

  14. Latoya Peterson wrote:

    I was actually planning a post on this for (maybe) next Friday - it popped into my mind while reading that British mag pride - darker skinned women are often confined to that “exotic” mold - generally, when I see a darker skinned woman in fashion spreads or advertising, she has close cropped hair, is very thin, and normally used as a color contrast, rather than a subject in her own right.

    Once I find/scan the pics, I’ll post the piece.

  15. Cynthia wrote:

    To people of African descent:

    What’s the history of dark skin within various African cultures? In Europe and Asia, light = aristocracy while dark = peasant, historically speaking when it comes to the “ideal beauty”. Was that ever the case in ANY African culture?

  16. Wendi Muse wrote:

    from what i have learned in history classes, etc, lighter skin in a lot of african countries, at least prior to contact with europeans, was linked to the supernatural, esp. in west africa, where many people thought the slave traders were actually ghosts of ancestors who had come to haunt them (and ultimately terrorize them) on earth.

    a lot of the color politics changed with slavery and colonialism, of course, causing an inevitable connection between light skin color and race/nationality/class/citizenship

  17. Linda wrote:

    As a West African, I’ve been trained differently. Before slavery, dark skin was looked upon as being closer to godliness, since many of the gods and goddesses were Black (very dark).

    Even in many West African movies that deal with the supernatural, their faces are always white (due to what Wendi mentioned and the fact that white skin was associated with sickness and unnatural). When you live in a place where all the people have brown skin, with the exception of the few albinos white skin is not looked highly upon.

    You have to remember that even in todays age there are many Africans that don’t have a “complex” and think very highly of dark skin. Unfortunately with the influx of western media, that is changing. African’s are the second largest users of skin bleaching creams second to Asians ( South Asians and South East Asians). When I went back home 2 years ago, I found it disturbing how many women were using bleaching creams (the men don’t bleach). I was happy thought that women were still wearing diverse hairstyles, including natural hair styles.

  18. Linda wrote:

    * it should say that since the gods and goddesses were black ( still are…since some West Africans still practice some pagan faiths)

  19. Linda wrote:

    Hey Cynthia, I have a question for you. With the influx of western media in Asia how is the image of women in Hong Kong and China changing?

    I have read articles of some Asian women getting eyelid surgery and having rhinoplasty to make their features look more white. There was a website I visited a while back of a girl from Singapore. Her face looks drastically different after the plastic surgery (which she totally denies). She looks like an anime character all in her attempt to look not Asian. I’ll try to see if I can remember the link.

  20. Cynthia C wrote:

    Linda,

    The image of the “girl next door” is very big in Hong Kong, at least to my understanding. That’s why the Edison Chen scandal was such a big deal. Every actress he was seen with in those images is packaged by their “people” as being innocent. The only “bad girls” I can think of are those who have made movies abroad. These “girl next door” types tend to be fair skinned and very “cute” (which is usually why their careers are over by the time they hit 30). Also, my mother has been watching a television series about a woman who is an editor-in-chief of a magazine. I’ve only seen a few scenes here and there, but according to my mom, the mag is supposed to be fashion. Yet, the actresses who portray the models do not look like fashion types at all (like the ones you might see on Ugly Betty)…they look very catalog/lifestyle…like someone who is doing an ad for a drugstore soap brand.

    As for the surgery, a good eye job would still look Asian. The single eyelid is a northern trait. I don’t really have much comment on nose jobs though.

    Also, western media has been in Hong Kong since movies began so it’s not like the influx is recent.

  21. tasha wrote:

    “It seems like black models are either very dark-skinned with close-cropped hair and more stereotypically African facial features OR they are light-skinned with more European features. ”

    @Carmen

    I think you’re exaggerating. Black fashion models typically don’t lack hair. I think you’re making a sweeping generalization based on two or three black models.
    Oluchi Onweagba seldom walked the runway or was photographed without hair extensions. You could say the same of Naomi and Tyra. As odd as what I’m about to say is going to sound, I think that the fashion industry’s definition of Black beauty is rather broad. It’s not just Alek Wek types or Veronica Webb’s. There are black girls walking today that fall in the middle of the Ajuma Nasanyana/Liya Kibede spectrum.

    like, Januel Mckenzie (Jamaican)
    http://www.style.com/peopleparties/modelsearch/thumb/person964?page=1

    I think this is Hollis Wakeema’s third season. She’s from Memphis and also walked for Vivienne Westwood with Ajuma.

    http://supermodels.nl/forum/Posts.aspx?id=8605

    Chanel Iman is all over the runways and magazine editorials. She’s bi-racial (from Los Angeles, half Black and Korean). and was just in the gap ad that ran in last week’s Sunday Times.

    http://chaneliman.blogspot.com/2007/10/chanel-imans-springsummer-2008-runway.html

    Jourdan Dunn (UK/ West Indian descent) is extremely popular this season. She booked Marc Jacobs and even Prada, which hasn’t had a black model since God knows when.

    http://supermodels.nl/jourdandunn/pictures/2

    These are some of the top black models right now, and they all look different.
    I think chalking up Wek’s career to her being a mere exotic curiosity is in a lot of ways offensive. With the exception of spear/ jungle/ savage stereotypes, I don’t necessarily find high fashion’s embrace of women with dark skin and short hair to be a bad thing. Where else would you see models like Ajuma and Alek besides high fashion? You certainly don’t see them in African American media.

    @Black Conseco

    I don’t think Ajuma looks emaciated. Anyway, what’s with your moniker? Are you snitching?

  22. Fashionfan wrote:

    quote:Chanel Iman is all over the runways and magazine editorials. She’s bi-racial (from Los Angeles, half Black and Korean). and was just in the gap ad that ran in last week’s Sunday Times.

    For clarification, Chanel Iman is not biracial. Her mother is half Black and half Asian and her father is Black. She and her mother were on the Tyra show recently.

  23. sharon wrote:

    I think Alex Wek is really a striking contrast to all the models who have long flowing hair and lighter complexioned models which is more acceptable in society. Black women are judged by the ‘brown paper bag’ effect; if youre the color or lighter of a brown paper bag, you’re in!

  24. Priscilla wrote:

    Inclusion at what price? Is exploitation the admission price for black models in the fashion world? Shame on Vivian Westwood regardless of her original intentions. Try harder!

  25. diza wrote:

    A previous ad campaigns have had models holding skulls, dirty faces, wearing bones in their hair one even featured her holding an axe

    I think she just likes weapons

  26. amy wrote:

    although i agree that this shoo encourages stereo typing which is definetly wrong i very much dout vivienne did the photo shoot with the intention of offending blacks or trying to encourage steryotyping . why would she go through all that agro trying to get more black on the cat walk then try and box them. Also the modle probaly wouldnt have done the shoot if she felt that it descriminated her culture. what ever the result i dout it was her intention

  27. amy wrote:

    sorry about the awfull grama and spelling in that comment i forgot to check it .

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