Internalizing Stereotypes, Part 1 - From the Outside In

by Racialicious Special Correspondent Latoya Peterson

Dear average-sized penis,

Ugh. I don’t really know how to say this. We’ve been in and around so much together. And I really do appreciate the effort you’ve put in thus far. But I’m sure you have sensed my growing disappointment over the years. I guess the bottom line is I expected you to be a lot more at this point. I keep waiting for you to grow up, but you never do […]

What’s that? Look, I don’t want to hear it. Yeah, maybe if you were on a white guy, or an Asian guy, or a girl, your reputation would be a lot better at this point. You might be a little more “remarkable.” But the fact of the matter is you’re on a black guy, and you are underachieving.

— “An Open Letter from a Black Guy to His Average Sized Penis,” The Assimilated Negro

In an earlier Racialicious post, I wrote about Details magazine and their coverage of the Mandingos - a subset of swingers who play to interracial humiliation and domination fantasies.

Several posters noted that members of certain minority groups seem to internalize positive stereotypes. While I did not quite agree, I couldn’t exactly disagree either. So, ever since the post was published in February, I’ve been taking careful notes of what happens when you - as a minority - do not fulfill your stereotypical role.

Stereotype: All Asians are smart/intelligent/diligent/ mathematically inclined.

One day, not too long ago, I was relaxing back at my apartment, watching AZN network. Hae was with me, flipping through some of my manga collection. She harbors a healthy distain for AZN network, feeling like it does not represent anything close to what she wants to watch. I, on the other hand, adore AZN network (or at least, pre-staff cut AZN network) because it allows me to get access to music videos, movies, and dramas I would not otherwise see.

And Hapa (host of the Bridge) was pretty hot.

Anyway.

The Bridge goes to break, and AZN starts promoting their show line up. One show had two perky co-hosts who were supposed to be the new voices of generation 1.5. During the quick promo, the male host flippantly commented, “Well, we can’t all be doctors and lawyers.”

Hae snorted. “For real,” she affirmed, not looking up from her book.

Uh, rewind that back?

Hae shared with me some of her reality, growing up Asian-American and wanting to be an artist. While she never felt family pressure to be a doctor or lawyer, her family insists on higher and higher levels of education. After almost a year of fighting, Hae finally convinced her mother to pass on graduate school and to allow her to get a teaching certificate instead. Hae hasn’t been interested in school since completing high school. This pressure is compounded by her other friend’s career choices. In Hae’s circle, many of her friends are high achieving doctors, lawyers, optometrists, architects, and tech gurus. Her career choice is glaringly different, especially considering we live outside of the nation’s capital, home of the highly driven.

I was also privy to the issues that pop up with positive stereotyping at my last job. My boss, as cool as she was, made a comment to me on a day Hae was off. I told her that Hae was a bit confused about her timesheets and wanted to make sure the changes were correct. I also wanted to get a quick check on how she was doing in her first couple weeks, as Hae was concerned. My former boss waved away the concerns saying, “Well, I tend to find that Asian employees are more diligent and hardworking. I knew there wasn’t going to be any trouble.”

I guess my skeptical expression registered on my face, because she quickly added, “Not that I am saying other employees aren’t. I’m just saying that my experience with Asian employees has been positive.”

Right.

I wonder what would have happened if Hae had turned out to be a “rebel Asian.”

Stereotype: All black men are well-endowed.

My ex was unbelievably concerned with penis size. He would often hold his penis out for scrutiny, say something like “unimpressive,” and then tuck it back into his pants.

(I wish I was making this up. Guess who was on ruler duty?)

My ex, an African-American male, made a lot of jokes about his lack of length…with me, that is. In public, he would be quick to trot out the “once you go black, you never go back” stereotype. While he always passed his penis issues off as jokes, his anxiety popped up in many different places. In the gym locker room, at the pool, wherever there were dicks on display. At the time, I wasn’t really aware of the stock that men put into their [insert obvious rhyme here]. However, after reading Scott Poulson-Bryant’s Hung (key phrase: the color is the size) I started to see the whole penis issue a bit differently. Upon reading the Assimilated Negro’s archives, I am starting to see that this is a widespread “issue.”

Woe is the black man who comes up a little “short” to society’s expectations.

I think that sentiment is best expressed by the Assimilated Negro:

I guess I could do my part and cut down on the whole alpha-male shit-talking. Telling girls your nickname is “The Pulverizer” is probably setting you up for failure. But what should I say your nickname is, “average joe johnson,” or “okey-dokey pokey,” those kinds of names end the game before it even begins […]

Cause truth be told, I personally could care less about your size and such. If it were just me, smaller might be better, that way you wouldn’t get in my way when I’m trying to scratch my balls. But ultimately, it’s all about impressing the ladies. You know they’re going to talk, and we want to give them something to talk about. When Bonnie Raitt sings that song, you’ll notice there is no mention of a black guy with an average-sized penis. That’s not something to talk about.

Stereotype: Black women are bootylicious.

For the record, I hate that word (and the song that spawned the term.) But bootylicious does describe one of the hallmarks of African-American beauty. I just read an article in Vibe Vixen about women of color and plastic surgery - apparently many of us are going under the knife to get nose jobs, breast implants, liposuction…and butt implants. More and more women are trying to emulate video stars like Buffy the Body and Ki-Toy Robinson by boasting astronomical curves. Some women have argued that the different body shape standards in the black community have insulated us from eating disorders because “our men like meat on our bones.”

Are thicker beauty standards better for black women? Not even close.

Two of my close friends are thin black women. My best friend draws comparisons to Sarah Jessica Parker, as her body was made for fashion. (Note to Stefano Pilati - stop hating!) And yet, she is on a constant quest to increase her assets. Two years ago, it was an Ensure shake everyday. Three years ago, it was a quest for jeans with built-in butt pads. This year, it is the quest for padded bikini tops and bottoms. While white women -especially the ones who have worked with her in any capacity - openly covet her petite frame, my home girl has just one wish: to gain 20 pounds.

My other friend tends to blame her lack of booty for her relative lack of black men trying to date her. While my riot grrlish friend is curvy, particularly considering her small size, she is quick to lament her lack of behind.

I try to tell them the grass is not greener on the other side. Having a super-thick body means that it is super-easy to pack on extra pounds. Also, the famed “black girl booty” has some downsides. Have you ever tried on a pair of pants, only to find that the pair that goes up over your thighs leaves a nice little moat of air between your waist and the fabric? Woman cannot live by stretch jeans alone.

Or, what about the comments that come with said black girl booty? Having back like that simply means that you now have a heart-shaped beacon for ignorant comments. Once, I was walking with my boyfriend and we passed a group of guys sitting on some benches. In a stage whisper, one of them proclaimed “She has a body like a stripper!” Sigh. And that was one of the more polite overtures. Stories from my high school days have me trying to camouflage my body in wide leg jeans and sweatshirts tied around my waist - only to still be passed notes saying, “Toya got a big ole butt - oh yeah!”

So while I feel my skinny sisters who are bucking cultural norms, it isn’t any easier on this side of the fence.

So while this isn’t damning evidence that positive stereotypes are harmful, there is a very strange feeling involved when you find out that you do not fit the mold. I wish I knew a few other stories - I’m sure there are plenty more where this batch came from.

Trackbacks & Pings

  1. Denial and Delusion - Why Public Conversations About Race Fail Before They Begin at Racialicious - the intersection of race and pop culture on 22 Jun 2007 at 8:08 am

    […] I intended to work on my follow up to Internalizing Stereotypes. […]

Comments

  1. A. wrote:

    “Yeah, maybe if you were on a white guy, or an Asian guy, or a girl, your reputation would be a lot better at this point. ”

    Anyone care to address THIS stereotype? As much as some black men might have issues regarding stereotypes about having larger penises, what about Asian men who are constantly joked about for supposedly having the smallest penises?

    The fact that The Assimilated Negro uses racial steotypes against Asians and whites to bitch about black racial stereotypes is frankly hypocritical, stupid and totally unamusing.

    Which reminds me of the also totally unamusing conversation posted by blog Gawker.com in regards to the Kenneth Eng “I Hate Blacks” debacle. It was a convo between The Assimilated Negro and an Asian American man. TAN immediately calls the Asian man a “chink.” Nice.

    To continue being frank, I’ve never found TAN clever or interesting even before he “jokingly” used slurs against Asians. His little essay about his average penis didn’t help.

  2. Celeste wrote:

    For a disclaimer, I haven’t read the conversation where TAN calls someone a “chink”. If he did that’s foul. In this particular piece where he’s writing to his penis, I think he is bemoaning the fact that there are racist penis sterotypes at all. I interpreted it as “Gee, I wish I didn’t have this pressure to have a horse-penis that men of other races don’t have to endure”. I think that stereotypes are at some level based on some kind of (often very small) statistical difference. The major problem with that is then people aren’t allowed to have individual variation. There shouldn’t be different standards, occupational, educational or penile :P based on race. There’s no reason that the exact same penis, exact same test score or the exact same anything should be judged differently based on race. Also, there’s the reverse part of the penis stereotype that is quite unfair to Asian men. Added to that is the positive sterotypes of Asian women’s vaginas. I’m not sure who get’s the negative part of that stereotype. No one’s given me a clear answer. So basically everyone is screwed by positive stereotypes.

  3. A. wrote:

    ” I interpreted it as “Gee, I wish I didn’t have this pressure to have a horse-penis that men of other races don’t have to endure”.”

    Interesting Celeste. I interpreted it as “I have a smaller penis, and only a white guy or an Asian guy would think this size is actually good. You know. Because whites and Asians supposedly have small penises, so of course an average-sized one would make them just ecstatic. But not me, I’m black!” Oh-ho, TAN. How witty.

    I’m really going to take your “Black racial stereotypes about penises are unfair!” concerns seriously now.

    Not.

    Can you imagine an Asian person writing an essay about the pressure to be smart, and saying that a B average might be excellent for a “black guy or a Mexican guy” (because, you know, they’re not known for being that bright) but dammint, he’s Asian and that’s a bad grade for him? Yeah. It’s bull, isn’t it?

  4. Wendi Muse wrote:

    TAN comments aside…

    I just wanted to talk a little more about stereotypes. i feel that the biggest problem with the stereotypes - positive or negative - is that the keeper of the keys always seem to be the group that is not being bound by the stereotype.

    while stereotypes are always based on at least one occurence, they are perpetuated and cemented by the witnesses, not the actors. you see something once then come to expect it…and make it the default for x group even if there are plenty of examples to the contrary.

    when the people of x group then exhibit behavior that is consistent with the stereotype that has been set, they are considered to be living out the stereotype, having internalized it, even though they may just be living their lives and being themselves. i.e. if an asian-american excels in school just because he or she likes school and not because of familial expectations, the stereotype is confirmed, but not necessarily for the reasons expected by the stereotyp-ists.

    stereotypes, in my opinion, very much limit behavior of members of the groups who are objects of them. i mentioned it in my article about ghetto chic and why i can’t bring myself to wear it, but i also think about it in other aspects of my life. i think it’s unfair how much the stereotypes have limited us, but in some cases, may even lead to what could be considered negative behavior simply in order to defy a stereotype (i.e. i know plenty og asian americans who felt they needed to hide their intelligence and who pretend to be otherwise in order to defy a stereotype . . . but being stupid is NOT a good thing, even if it’s to defy a stereotype…that’s the problem).

    stereotypes create a scary guilt-trip of sorts. they can make people feel guilty for simply being themselves…which is sad and demonstrates the power behind stereotypes, media portrayals, and how they are digested.

  5. trixnee wrote:

    “Can you imagine an Asian person writing an essay about the pressure to be smart, and saying that a B average might be excellent for a “black guy or a Mexican guy” (because, you know, they’re not known for being that bright) but dammint, he’s Asian and that’s a bad grade for him? Yeah. It’s bull, isn’t it?”

    What, they do do that! Kenneth Eng? lol, but seriously, A, we all know Asians doooo do that.

  6. LM wrote:

    A.,

    I didn’t laugh out loud at TAN’s writing… but to me this is humor meant to undermine stereotypes. You didn’t take it that way. That’s fine. Do you think that he wishes one stereotype would disappear and the others remain?

    For the record, if your hypothetical Asian person wrote a satirical piece about being smart, and said that “a B average might be excellent for a black guy or a Mexican guy,” that’d be cool with me.

    It all changes if it’s not satire, and as has been stated in this space before, satirists run the risk of being taken literally. I take TAN’s writing as satire, you don’t. Cool.

    I also know TAN’s writing going back a few years. I’m not a huge fan, but because of my familiarity I “trust” that he’s not trying to spread offensive stereotypes any farther than they already have been.

    So one of the reasons I took TAN’s piece as satire is because of that familiarity and trust with his work. That takes time. (Well, also, the fact that he’s having a two-sided conversation with his penis. I didn’t take that literally.)

    ————

    LaToya, nice piece as usual. The phrase “I feel my skinny sisters who are bucking cultural norms” caught my attention. I wonder how much, if at all, you debated using the word “bucking,” since, after all, they are just “being” (themselves).

    Beyond that, I just wonder how much attention we pay to creating and aspiring to our own norms, mores, standards vs. others. The others are impossible to ignore, yes, but idiocy ain’t going away anytime soon. We have to decide how much sway it will have over us.

  7. A. wrote:

    “What, they do do that! Kenneth Eng? lol, but seriously, A, we all know Asians doooo do that.”

    “LOL, but seriously” trixnee, does that excuse TAN’s comments or something? And do they ALL “doooo do that”? And who’s “we all”?

    As for Kenneth Eng: I doubt race-concious Asian-American bloggers would reference Kenneth Eng positively as a starting point for their own blog posts. Yet here we are on Racialicious, and TAN’s “An average sized penis on an Asian male would be remarkable” joke gets a pass.

    The trouble with TAN is not only did he use a Asian/white male stereotype, but he used it in an essay about black male stereotypes. So I’m supposed to treat his concerns with respect and understanding when he so easily includes an off-hand comment about other racial stereotypes? I’m supposed to read that excerpt and just think “Well, TAN’s comments aside…”

    Nah, don’t think so.

  8. LM wrote:

    Just saw Wendi’s comments… I second and third her insights.

    I’d add two other points:

    1) though I’m no expert on cognition, by my understanding we all naturally form “stereotypes” (of all kinds, not necessarily the same ones from person to person) in our own minds through various stimuli. It’s up to us to figure out whether to keep ‘em, which is why education in the broadest sense of the word is necessary in order to drop any stupidity we pick up along the way.

    2) Especially if we consciously resist/reject stereotyping of others, to me it makes sense to consciously resist/reject changing our behavior based on the attitudes/expectations of others. Yes, we have our own internal battles to wage; it’s not simple. But if I “know” that people expect me to be a certain “way” when they look at my picture, and I’m not that “way,” why should I be worried.

    Mind you, I’m not diminishing the harm of people acting on stereotpyes. That needs to be addressed directly. To mention an example of Mr. Stage Whisper in Latoya’s piece, to me the issue is less the stereotype and more the leering. There are all women of all shapes and sizes in various strip clubs (I’ve been told!!); I’d daresay that almost every woman alive has been impersonally sized up in public in a similar way. To know it’s happening and to experience it, though, are slightly different.

  9. Carmen Van Kerckhove wrote:

    Latoya, I can’t believe someone said “She has a body like a stripper!” as a compliment. That says a lot about the state of our society today.

    >:(

  10. TAN wrote:

    Yeah, TAN sucks! Let’s lynch him.

    and who is this “Satire” of which you speak? Show me to him so that I may inform him that I am not amused.

  11. Latoya Peterson wrote:

    Note to self: choose less contraversial piece as a lead in. If I hadn’t returned Hung to the library, I would have probably used a section from there.

    *sigh*

    Wendi - I totally feel you on your points. I feel like people look for ways to validate stereotypes in their mind so that they can wriggle out of challenging them. Someone observes an actvity (or finds one friend of that ethnicity that does it), and then makes a summary judgment. Then they apply that EVERY member of that race feels the same way (i.e. all black men go for fat girls, all asians can tutor me in calculus). If anyone dares to challenge that stereotype , they feel as though they have a built in defense.

    LM -

    I debated it a bit, but ultimately they are bucking a norm - while they might agonize with me about their plight, overall it doesn’t really bother them. Even when faced with truly ignorant comments from friends and strangers alike (samples: you’d be so cute if you had a little more ass…girl, when are you going to eat more so you can grow) they prefer to just be themselves and not go the Buffie the Body route.

    [By the way, the stripper comment vent was me just bitching. Not much to do with stereotyping, just showing another side to having a big ass. And yes, most women (of all shapes, sizes, levels of attractiveness) get leered at on a daily basis, but that is a whole other discussion.]

    And yes, I’m mad that was a complement. I don’t know how I feel about someone looking at me and thinking “pole-twirler.” Paticularly because I was in yoga pants and a gym tee at the time…

  12. gabby wrote:

    Nice piece, Latoya, a great example to point to next time someone asserts that so-called “positive” stereotypes aren’t damaging.

    I wish I could remember the circumstances and exactly what was said, but I had an interesting conversation once with another hapa girl where we talked about the strange amount of pressure we felt to live up to the standard that “mixed kids are the most beautiful.” Whether that means slathering on make-up to exoticize facial features, or straighten our hair so it was more Asian, or work out and diet to be slim, we both admitted to doing it all, for fear of being that poor creature, the so-so looking hapa girl.

  13. A. wrote:

    “Yeah, TAN sucks! Let’s lynch him.

    and who is this “Satire” of which you speak? Show me to him so that I may inform him that I am not amused.”

    Nice try, but no. Even when you’re blatantly being glib and sarcastic you’re not funny.

    See, the problem is that some “satirists” think that anyone who objects to their “humor” just doesn’t get it or even know what satire is. That’s really not the case.

    Its really that some “satirists” are just miserably worse at effectively communicating satire than others.

  14. LM wrote:

    Latoya: not sure if you got my quibble. To me, “bucking” is an active term, “just be(-ing) themselves” isn’t — at least not as much, and even less for some people.

    Compare:

    Thin sista #1, who wants badly to gain 20 pounds so she can be more “bootylicious,” hence desirable to men (in her thinking). She eventually abandons her efforts because she concludes it’s unhealthy, not because she wouldn’t have been “successful.”

    Thin sista #2, who never thinks of gaining 20 pounds etc., never thinks much about her weight/shape at all. (I know, I know — you’re asking for proof such a women exists.)

    Both end up in the same spot. But to me, only #1 is “bucking cultural norms.” The norms came at her and she fought back. #2 may not fit said norms, but she didn’t get caught up in the hype/fight. I’m not saying one is better than the other, just that “bucking” is a loaded term. It’d be similar to ascribing “acceptance” of said norms to someone because of their natural body shape.

    Honestly, I’m not trying to be petty. My original question allows the possibility that you are saying their existence alone bucks cultural norms, which would be fine with me. I’m curious as to whether you mean that it’s not only their existence, but a conscious decision on their part.

  15. James wrote:

    Latoya,

    This post exemplifies one of the main reasons I never consider any stereotypes positive, especially those involving racial minorities. Stereotypes by definition assume useful knowledge of individual people based on subjective interpretations of group characteristics, and fail to describe individuals accurately because of that fallacy.

    Positive stereotypes do not exist, whether they are the model minority myth or the humongous Black penis myth.

    And, as a Black man myself, I never understood why so many brothers fixate on that unchanging and totally irrelevant non-issue. Ruler duty? Why? No one cares. Call me crazy, but I think that Black men who lament their so-called penile shortcomings honestly wish to fulfill all the racist and demeaning Mandingo sexual dynamo stereotypes that continually oppress Black men and characterize us all as testosterone-saturated musclebound criminals who drain social welfare resources through rampant, uncaring promiscuity. I find this really unfortunate.

    A., that’s why, in my opinion, The Assimilated Negro’s post callously rehashed the tired diminutive Asian male penis stereotype — he believes in one of the most dehumanizing physical stereotypes possible about his own demographic, so why would he not buy into dehumanizing physical stereotypes about other groups? When you want to believe the worst about yourself, you don’t mind believing the worst about other people.

    Latoya, what’s interesting here are the people of color who discount their individuality by forcing themselves to exemplify stereotypes, and then unduly scrutinize themselves when measuring up proves impossible. Daily Ensure shakes to gain twenty pounds? Blaming booty lack for low Black suitor rates? Incredible.

    Y’know, healthy body image sometimes requires a rejection of cultural or societal norms so individuals can respect and enjoy their own healthy shapes, regardless of other people’s judgments.

    Individualism matters, and people of color would not hurt themselves as much if they were more willing to embrace their unique qualities from time to time.

  16. Blanky wrote:

    Isn’t the doctor/lawyer bit more of a Jewish stereotype?

  17. LM wrote:

    Latoya,

    I’ve re-read your response to me and I may have gotten it twisted. Lemme see if I understand now: your friends are “bucking cultural norms” because they aren’t bothered and won’t be by those norms, despite knowing them and that they’re sometimes negatively impacted.

    OK. That’s enough commenting for me today. Sorry if I’ve wasted anyone’s eyesight. :-)

  18. merq wrote:

    A.

    I totally understand how you could be offended by TAN’s piece — I graduated Magna as a member of 3 honor societies, and around the ad agency in which I work (in multiple disciplines), I often endure jokes like “going home before midnight, Merq? Impossible!”
    Yet, I still bristle at words like “dumb” or “lazy,” even when used in obviously humorous contexts.

    Unfortunately, that’s the toll a racist society takes on people (especially people of color).

    However, I will tell you in all honesty that I REALLLLY don’t think that’s what TAN meant when he said (and I quote):

    “Yeah, maybe if you were on a white guy, or an Asian guy, or a girl, your reputation would be a lot better at this point. You might be a little more ‘remarkable.’ ”

    By paraphrasing him as “An average sized penis on an Asian male would be remarkable,” you’ve drastically changed the meaning he sought to convey.

    The context:
    As you probably know, dominant white society often positions itself as raceless or “average” — not to declare itself unimpressive or ordinary, but rather to allow for the individual variation that one should expect from any sample of humans — while other races often occupy opposing extremes on each continuum.

    E.g. Intelligence:
    Black men are dumb.
    Grant got an A? He cheated.
    He didn’t? Oh, he’s really, really smart, then. (And well-spoken, too!)

    Asian Men (East, South, South-East, whatever) are super-smart.
    Grant got an A? What did you expect? He’s Asian!
    Steve got a B? What? That’s pretty bad, for an Asian guy.
    I mean, if he were black or white, he’d probably be pretty happy with that 85, but I’m sure he’s piiiised.

    Not trying to be condescending by breaking it down like this, but I really wanted to distill my perception (as a black male) into yours. Get what I’m saying now?

  19. Mina wrote:

    “Isn’t the doctor/lawyer bit more of a Jewish stereotype?”

    I had the impression it was both.

  20. Rob Schmidt wrote:

    For American Indians, the no. 1 stereotype is probably being a warrior. This is acted out by sports mascots, who “honor” warriors by chucking spears and dancing clownishly.

    Of course, a warrior is another name for a savage, a savage is little more than an animal, and an animal is something we cage or kill. So by “honoring” warriors we’re also justifying our wars and pogroms against them. We’re marginalizing them as people of the past, akin to pirates and Vikings and cavemen.

    I tend to agree with James about positive stereotypes. I’d say that every stereotype with an upside also has a downside. Smarter than average? You’re socially inept, an egghead, a nerd. Bigger penis than average? You’re lascivious, a sex machine, an animal.

  21. Atena wrote:

    I appreciate you addressing this issue of positive stereotypes, LaToya.

    I think it’s important, because often people latch onto positive stereotypes as a way to survive the negative ones. But there is little discussion on how the positive ones can be damaging as well. One of the hardest issues is that, when we engage in positive stereotyping of ourselves, we have something to live up to that we have no control over. We might play into it because we think it will be helpful - i.e. Being a Strong Black Woman will get me through this very hard day (week/year/life) - but then it eventually turns around and bites us on the ass. Because we’ve set a precedent for something that no one can live up to all of the time, and eventually we will fail that identity because it does not represent our whole self. People still end up becoming caricatures of themselves, possibly wanting to reject the positive aspects of the identity sketch.

    I look forward to more on the topic.

    (My 2 cents on A.’s complaint:

    I agree that TAN came off sounding like he was reinforcing stereotypes about white and asian men. If he was using that to supplement his satire, I don’t think it worked very well.

    Whatever he meant, that’s what it sounded like to me.

    This, of course, doesn’t mean he’s a bad person. But as a writer, if he means to convey a particular idea he should be able to do that without us readers having to pick up the slack and trust that he “meant to” convey ‘xyz.’)

  22. Celeste wrote:

    Merq, if I weren’t so lazy I would have wrote something closer to what you wrote. Very nice!

  23. trixnee wrote:

    “Smarter than average? You’re socially inept, an egghead, a nerd. Bigger penis than average? You’re lascivious, a sex machine, an animal.”

    This is very true. Notice how the happy-medium-white-people fit right in the middle all the time. But this is something every “civilization” does. The Greeks, Romans and Egyptians thought they were the “happy medium” and everyone else was too dark/too light…too savage/too cowardly etc.

    I don’t embrace positive stereotypes, because that means the negative stereotypes MUST be true.

  24. dnA wrote:

    Latoya,

    Don’t forget, “Its size was its color. Its color was its size,” is actually James Baldwin’s quote, not Paulson-Bryant’s. Although Paulson-Bryant certainly puts it to good use in “Hung”.

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