On the Cleveland Indians and other racist sports mascots

by guest contributor BB, originally published at Brady Braves

As I sit here and watch the men’s basketball teams from Texas A&M and Memphis battle for a spot in the elite 8, i am reminded that the Cleveland “Indians” baseball club has been invited (along w/the st. louis cardinals) to play in Major League Baseball’s inaugural Civil Rights Game in Memphis on march 31, 2007. so, here’s a game devised to recognize and to remember “the home of the National Civil Rights Museum and the city where Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4, 1968.” And mlb invites the “Indians”? (and invites them to a city that’s part of the “trail of tears”?) The playing goes beyond a sport when “Indians,” led by their “chief wahoo,” are involved. We’re talking playing “Indian”; we’re talking redface. But heck, why not make it an all anti-real “Indian” day by inviting the Atlanta “Braves,” too? And since the game is in Memphis to call attention to African American civil rights, why not change the name of Cleveland “Indians” to Cleveland “Blacks”? Or as artist Oscar Arredondo suggests, the Cleveland “Negroes”?

So many folks still not getting it, eh? Sports fans’ claims to honorable intentions of the use of “Indian” imagery, intentions of being pro-”Indian,” do not dismiss nor outweigh the disrespectful effects that many native peoples experience. An example of one of those effects? Ironically, many pro-”Indian” mascot/logo/image critics verbally attack the real Native peoples who call for the eradication of such “Indian” representations. so, those critics honor their “Indian” images and “Indian” objects, their “Indians,” but they disrespect and dislike the real natives?

Reflecting back to a protest years ago of the University Of Illinois’ mascot “Chief Illiniwek,” Tim Giago (Oglala Sioux) writes, “I joined the protest one year as a newspaper reporter. I walked near the protestors taking pictures as they marched. I was once again overwhelmed by the degree of hatred aimed at these protestors. Profanity such as ‘F- you squaws’ or ‘Get the hell out of here you drunken Indians,’ rained down on the protestors on their march to the stadium. My God, what a proud tradition! How can a people exude such hatred for real Indians while honoring a phony chief?”

And check out what Cleveland’s general manager Mark Shapiro said in response to his “Indians” being invited to Memphis: “The history of civil rights needs to be honored. The pursuit of civil rights, for compassion and for tolerance, needs to be fought for not only in our game, but also in our country and in our own organization. It’s that belief system and that history that is the root of our pride and why we are participating in this game.”

Sounds like “our country” and “our pride” isn’t about including indigenous peoples. sounds like “compassion” and “tolerance” aren’t to be shown to indigenous peoples. Sounds like Mr. Shapiro isn’t used to being objectified, dehumanized, commercialized, exploited, and all else that accompanies being associated with a ridiculously racist image known as “wahoo.”

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Trackbacks & Pings

  1. Donnell » Blog Archive » Opening Day on 06 Apr 2009 at 3:40 pm

    [...] Then, a couple of minutes ago, Travis Hafner stepped to the plate, with Grady Sizemore on third base and Victor Martinez at first. Cleveland was down by four. And I felt that rush. Same as back in the day with Oscar Gamble and Bert Blyleven and Andre Thornton, etc. It seems that, parodoxically, I’ll always be rooting for the Tribe. [...]

  2. Open Thread: Racism Reissued! “The Last $5 Indian Ever” at Racialicious - the intersection of race and pop culture on 30 Jul 2009 at 12:29 pm

    [...] the Cleveland Indians and Atlanta Braves refuse to move forward into ahem, postracial America and change their team names, and now The [...]

Comments

  1. Brad wrote:

    This website is the only site I can think of that has adequately made the case to change the sports teams names. I think the best solution for the controversy would be to change their name to a real native tribe like Florida State University is named after the Seminoles. For instance Cleveland Apaches?, Washington Cherokees? (I’m not very sure if these tribes resided in these areas I’m just throwing out examples) But this might just work if these arrogant owners wish to truly honor Native Americans here is a fine solution to do just that.

  2. deb wrote:

    My favorite ATR guest Robert Jensen has written about the subject too. See: What the “Fighting Sioux” tell us about white people (and how we can change).

  3. LM wrote:

    As an ashamed fan of the Washington Redskins (I haven’t written out the name in quite awhile except in this context, but it’s not as if “‘Skins” is much better) I applaud this piece — probably the most succinct exposure of the idiocy required to defend these team names as tributes.

    I think most fans couldn’t care less what their team is called, for better or worse. Does it make sense for Utah’s pro basketball team to retain the name “Jazz,” which the franchise took in its previous home, New Orleans? How many fans of Los Angeles Lakers realize the name came with the team when it moved from Minneapolis (in a state whose motto is “Land of 10,000 Lakes”)?

    I don’t particularly care… and I suspect that once teams like the Indians, Braves and Redskins change their names their fans will go right on rooting for them (and their merchandise sales will jump, not because of they’ve done right but because they’ve got new stuff).

    St. John’s University went from the Redmen (goodness) to Red Storm in the 1990s. What’s funny is that the name Redmen ostensibly WASN’T a reference to Native Americans when it was established in the 1920s, only to the team’s uniform colors… (a la the Syracuse Orange, etc.) which makes Red Storm about as sensible absent other context.

    With other context (what did you think Redmen meant?), it took too long for St. John’s to change the name. Can you imagine if they had been the St. John’s Blackmen, or Whitemen?

    I don’t mean to be tangential. My point is just that there’s no business reason (however morally dubious it would be) not to change the names of teams like this. As long as they go on playing, they’ll have fans.

  4. S wrote:

    Good point, LM.

    It sometimes seems impossible for people to see things in a different point of view just because they haven’t really experienced it. I think if more mascots were named Indianapolis Honkeys, Detroit Niggas, L.A. Immigrants, etc, then more people would understand how Indians feel about these name changes. Alothough white people have no hurtful racial oppression in their history (that I know of), I don’t think they’d like to made into mascots.

    It’s ridiculous that people, in 2007, are still so selfish that they would continue to offend a group of people just to pacify another.

  5. Colin wrote:

    This is by far not the only case, as we all probably know. Hopefully, it’s clear the only ones being honored by these mascots are the white people they so predominantly are made to entertain. But, one thing I wanted to personally impress is that this racist mascot use has been happening at ALL levels of sport for years, it’s in high schoolsall over America, colleges and universities all over America and semi-pro and pro teams all over America. Racism and bigotry against Native Americans I guess is fun for all ages…

  6. FrancesM wrote:

    When this subject has come up with some people I know they bring up the Boston Celtics with their over baked leprechaun Lucky. And also Notre Dame’s “ape” like leprechaun for the school’s fighting Irish. And those mascots are annoying as heck too, going off old stereotypes of Irish people. And yes the American Irish are not nearly as marginalized as Native American folks currently are (there has been no Native president for example). In my humble opinion using any ethnicity as a sports mascot is rude & ridiculous.

    People turned into symbols, no matter the “good” intent has & never will be good for humanity and especially for the folks who are being used as tokens for someone else’s fantasy. Peace!
    ~F

    . .

  7. derek wrote:

    Being from Cleveland, I take special displeasure in Chief Wahoo. I can’t even root for the Indians the way I root for my other hometown teams because of this racist caricature. At least we don’t have to worry about the Browns logo offending anyone (the Browns are the only team in the NFL without an official logo).

    What’s sad is that Cleveland was the first American League team to integrate, signing Larry Doby and Satchel Paige shortly after the Dodgers signed Jackie Robinson. How could they be so forward in regards to one race but so backwards when it comes to another?

  8. Rob Schmidt wrote:

    Comparing the Cleveland Indians to the fictitious New York Negroes or Spades or Zulus is so obvious it’s been done many times. People still don’t get the point because they don’t want to get it. In other words, they’re immune to rational persuasion.

    Hey, Brad, several Native-oriented websites have made the case against Indian mascots, including mine. Not only do I have a general page on mascots (http://www.bluecorncomics.com/mascots.htm), I have specific pages on Chief Wahoo (http://www.bluecorncomics.com/wahoo.htm), the Washington Redskins (http://www.bluecorncomics.com/redskins.htm), the Fighting Sioux vs. the Fighting Irish (http://www.bluecorncomics.com/irish.htm) and the Florida State University Seminoles (http://www.bluecorncomics.com/seminole.htm). Whether we’ve made the case successfully is for you to decide.

  9. Joe wrote:

    It’s ashame that the point of the Cleveland Indians mascot being racist can only, seemingly, be understood within the context of other racist language and images, i.e. Cleveland negroes. This notion alone should sound alarms for our society to wake up. However, I’m scared that the comparison mentioned above would still get lost on individuals, “no that’s different.” It’ lack of understanding and exposure to Native American culture or perhaps it is mis-exposure to “pseudo indian” mascots (I took the latter term from Dr Richard King who wrote fantastically on this subject).

  10. Kirshan wrote:

    I went to Florida State University and was never a fan of our mascot (the Seminoles).

    The university took the step to get endorsed by the Seminole tribe to quiet the criticism.

    The Seminoles endorsed the university saying it was ok to use them as the mascot. However, I wonder how much they were paid…

    http://www.blackinthecity.net

    http://www.raceandpolitics.com

  11. Joe wrote:

    There are many racist mascots. But too many people believe their tradition of a racist mascot is more important than any racist under (or over tones). I’ll have the defer to those who are Native Americans on this one.

    I wrote about this back in February (onsportz.blogspot.com), ripping into the Illini’s mascot. That generated more commentary than anything I’ve posted. And the local papers received hundreds of comments and letters.

    I still cannot understand the reason the Redskins mascot is still used — there is nothing worse than this blunt and mean nickname.

  12. Lyonside wrote:

    I wonder, regardless of the term used, whether using whole groups of people as “mascots” is a positive thing.

    I mean, people make DOGS their mascots (say of the local baseball team or the firehouse). Or mythical creatures like dragons. Or pseudohistorical/cultural images like knights or wizards… Usually a good luck charm concept, or using an image that has stereotypical strengths (knight = strong, noble, wizard = magical, undefeatable)

    What are we saying when groups of real people, many of which are perceived by the dominant cultureas virtually extinct, or at the very least, sociopolitically powerless or lacking in core identity, become our “mascots”?

  13. cw wrote:

    Why do people use African-american derogatory names such as the “New York Niggers” or the “Cleavland Coons” as an example when trying to make a point about mascot names knowing good and well that these white institutions would not want to be associated with anything black. We were not respected positively or negitively to have a team named for us.

  14. Lyonside wrote:

    CW: WHAT? in one phrase you claim to not understand the comparison between a derogatory mascot name targeting Native Peoples, and a derogatory mascot name targeting African Americans… when it’s obvious you DO (Hint: Derogatory)…

    And then in the next phrase you bitch because noone current uses a derogatory mascot name targeting African Americans? Dude, you WANT one?

    CLUE: People have used Native American imagery as mascots under the belief that those peoples are either 1) extinct/on the way out or 2) so removed from the daily life of most US citizens that using a derogatory image of Native Peoples has previously produced no tangible negative consequences.

    One thing you can’t say about the dominant Eurocentric American culture is that it has ever thought that African Americans were on the way out – I mean, most of the discrimination, Jim Crow, and antimicegenation laws were created/enforeced to control the black populace. The dominant Eurocentric culture never thought that blacks were going, gone, or inconsequential, or they wouldn’t have cared so much about controlling/negating the black population.

  15. Lyonside wrote:

    And in case that was too much to process for you, let me break it down further:

    Since the average American does not KNOW anything about Native American cultures and actual histories, but instead relies on old Hollywood cowboy movies, stereotyped commercial images, and whitewashed history, the average American does not immediately RECOGNIZE that the Indian images are offensive.

    Thanks to a larger population, and people pointing OUT the negative images of African-Americans, Americans are more likely to recognize the offensiveness of African-American images like the Sambo, the Mammy, etc.

    Therefore, people make the analogy between negative Native American and African-American imagery to make an analogy. Clear?

  16. Lyonside wrote:

    Correction: should read “Therefore, people make the comparison…”

  17. cw wrote:

    I know those Native American names are derogatory. I was not bitching about them not using derogatory names for African-Americans as names for their teams, that would be ludicrous. What I was saying is that they thought that they were respecting the Native Americans by using those names just as they use Celtics, knickerbockers, fighting Irish and ragin cajuns. I feel using black derogatory names for an example is really dubious at best.

  18. dude wrote:

    Yeah, being from Cleveland, I remember when there were kiosks set up around the city where you could vote on whether you thought the logo was racist. A surprising number of people did not mind it at all. I often get the same response when I tell people I can’t wear the logo because I feel it’s racist – people just say “Oh really? I don’t think it’s that racist. I’ve even heard it from minorities that are especially used to being stereotyped. Someone above wrote that people are becoming immune to racial issues. I agree.

  19. Anthony Wilson wrote:

    I am conflicted about this. I often feel that people can sometimes be proprietary about their cultures, and indignation is just an indulgence. Americans may be naive, or may not think the way you do, but cries of racism are growing tired and irrelevant. Not to say that it does not exist, of course, but let’s pick our battles.
    I must say I am very pleased with the politeness and sensitivity on this thread. No shrieking and pointing. I look forward to more. Educate me! Thanks.

  20. Dokdo wrote:

    Chief Wahoo is racist and has to go. Actually, I think, the racist team name is part of the reason that team has performed so poorly over the years. To hide the racism, they create a cartoonish logo, in a failed attempt to try to make a joke out of the racism. One of the results is that the team itself looks like a joke.

    To gain back its self respect that organization first needs to give respect to real native Americans. Otherwise they will continue to struggle without success.